Annual Report of Introduced Beneficial Organisms Released in the United States and Territories - 1983

Section II - Introduced Weed Control Agents Released in U.S. and Territories - 1983

PART B - Target Host Arranged Alphabetically by Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species with Alphabetical List of Introduced Beneficial Species Released Against It; and Target Host Arranged Alphabetically by Common Name

Class:    Liliopsida

Order of Host: Liliales
   Family of Host: Pontederiaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms
         Common name of host: waterhyacinth
            Species Released: Neochetina bruchi
                              Neochetina eichhorniae
                              Sameodes albiguttalis

Class:    Magnoliopsida

Order of Host: Asterales
   Family of Host: Asteraceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Carduus acanthoides L.
         Common name of host: plumeless thistle
            Species Released: Rhinocyllus conicus
                              Trichosirocalus horridus

      Host Genus, species, author: Carduus nutans leiophyllus (Petr.) Stoj.& Stef.
         Common name of host: musk/nodding thistle
            Species Released: Rhinocyllus conicus
                              Trichosirocalus horridus

      Host Genus, species, author: Carduus pycnocephalus L.
         Common name of host: Italian thistle
            Species Released: Rhinocyllus conicus

      Host Genus, species, author: Centaurea diffusa Lam.
         Common name of host: diffuse knapweed
            Species Released: Sphenoptera jugoslavica
                              Urophora affinis

      Host Genus, species, author: Centaurea jacea L.
         Common name of host: brown knapweed
            Species Released: Urophora quadrifasciata

      Host Genus, species, author: Centaurea maculosa Lam.
         Common name of host: spotted knapweed
            Species Released: Metzneria paucipunctella
                              Urophora affinis
                              Urophora quadrifasciata

      Host Genus, species, author: Chondrilla juncea L.
         Common name of host: rush skeletonweed
            Species Released: Aceria chondrillae

      Host Genus, species, author: Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.
         Common name of host: Canada thistle
            Species Released: Hadroplontus litura
                              Urophora cardui

   Family of Host: Asteraceae (continued)
      Host Genus, species, author: Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.
         Common name of host: bull thistle
            Species Released: Urophora stylata

      Host Genus, species, author: Senecio jacobaea L.
         Common name of host: tansy ragwort
            Species Released: Longitarsus jacobaeae

      Host Genus, species, author: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.
         Common name of host: milk thistle
            Species Released: Rhinocyllus conicus

Order of Host: Caryophyllales
   Family of Host: Amaranthaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Alternanthera philoxeroides (C. Mart.) Griseb.
         Common name of host: alligatorweed
            Species Released: Agasicles hygrophila
                              Amynothrips andersoni

      Host Genus, species, author: Salsola australis R. Br.
         Common name of host: Russian thistle
            Species Released: Coleophora klimeschiella

Order of Host: Euphorbiales
   Family of Host: Euphorbiaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Euphorbia cyparissias L.
         Common name of host: cypress spurge
            Species Released: Hyles euphorbiae

      Host Genus, species, author: Euphorbia esula L.
         Common name of host: leafy spurge
            Species Released: Hyles euphorbiae
                              Oberea erythrocephala

Order of Host: Fabales
   Family of Host: Fabaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link
         Common name of host: Scotch broom
            Species Released: Apion fuscirostre

      Host Genus, species, author: Ulex europaeus L.
         Common name of host: gorse
            Species Released: Apion (Exapion) ulicis


Order of Host: Lamiales
   Family of Host: Lamiaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Salvia aethiopis L.
         Common name of host: Mediterranean sage
            Species Released: Phrydiuchus tau

Order of Host: Sapindales
   Family of Host: Zygophyllaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Tribulus terrestris L.
         Common name of host: puncturevine
            Species Released: Microlarinus lareynii
                              Microlarinus lypriformis
                              Microlarinus spp.

Order of Host: Scrophulariales
   Family of Host: Scrophulariaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill.
         Common name of host: Dalmatian toadflax
            Species Released: Calophasia lunula

      Host Genus, species, author: Linaria vulgaris Miller
         Common name of host: yellow toadflax
            Species Released: Calophasia lunula

Order of Host: Theales
   Family of Host: Clusiaceae
      Host Genus, species, author: Hypericum perforatum L.
         Common name of host: common St. Johnswort
            Species Released: Chrysolina quadrigemina
                              Zeuxidiplosis giardi

Target Host Arranged Alphabetically by Common Name

Common Name              Genus-species                     Order:Family

alligatorweed            Alternanthera philoxeroides        Caryophyllales:Amaranthaceae
brown knapweed           Centaurea jacea                    Asterales:Asteraceae
bull thistle             Cirsium vulgare                    Asterales:Asteraceae
Canada thistle           Cirsium arvense                    Asterales:Asteraceae
common St. Johnswort     Hypericum perforatum               Theales:Clusiaceae
cypress spurge           Euphorbia cyparissias              Euphorbiales:Euphorbiaceae
Dalmatian toadflax       Linaria dalmatica                  Scrophulariales:Scrophulariaceae
diffuse knapweed         Centaurea diffusa                  Asterales:Asteraceae
gorse                    Ulex europaeus                     Fabales:Fabaceae
Italian thistle          Carduus pycnocephalus              Asterales:Asteraceae
leafy spurge             Euphorbia esula                    Euphorbiales:Euphorbiaceae
Mediterranean sage       Salvia aethiopis                   Lamiales:Lamiaceae
milk thistle             Silybum marianum                   Asterales:Asteraceae
musk/nodding thistle     Carduus nutans leiophyllus         Asterales:Asteraceae
plumeless thistle        Carduus acanthoides                Asterales:Asteraceae
puncturevine             Tribulus terrestris                Sapindales:Zygophyllaceae
rush skeletonweed        Chondrilla juncea                  Asterales:Asteraceae
Russian thistle          Salsola australis                  Caryophyllales:Chenopodiaceae
Scotch broom             Cytisus scoparius                  Fabales:Fabaceae
spotted knapweed         Centaurea maculosa                 Asterales:Asteraceae
tansy ragwort            Senecio jacobaea                   Asterales:Asteraceae
waterhyacinth            Eichhornia crassipes               Liliales:Pontederiaceae
yellow toadflax          Linaria vulgaris                   Scrophulariales:Scrophulariaceae