Taxon: Capsicum chinense Jacq.

Common names:

• bonnet pepper   (Source: Cornucopia ) – English
  
• datil pepper   (Source: Food Feed Crops US ) – English
  
• habanero pepper   (Source: Cornucopia ) – English
  
• piri-piri pepper   (Source: Food Feed Crops US ) – English
  
• squash pepper   (Source: Cornucopia ) – English
  
• yellow squash pepper   (Source: Food Feed Crops US ) – English
  
• pimenta-de-cheiro   (Source: Genet Molec Res ) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• rocotillo   (Source: Food Feed Crops US ) – Spanish
  
• havannapeppar   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Food additives: flavoring   (fide Ency CNatIn)
  
• Gene sources: disease resistance for capsicum pepper   (fide Euphytica 96:131. 1997)
  
• Gene sources: primary genetic relative of habanero pepper   (fide Euphytica 96:129-133. 1997)
  
• Gene sources: secondary genetic relative of Tabasco pepper   (based on successful hybridization of Capsicum chinense × C. frutescens, but not in reciprocal crossing fide Crop Breed Appl Biot 11:246. 2011)
  
• Gene sources: secondary genetic relative of aji   (based on partial fertile hybrids with Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum fide Crop Breed Appl Biot 9:42-43. 2009)
  
• Gene sources: secondary genetic relative of bell/chili pepper   (based on partial fertile hybrids with Capsicum annuum fide Crop Breed Appl Biot 9:42-43. 2009)
  
• Gene sources: tertiary genetic relative of rocoto   (based on records of sterile hybrids derived from crosses with members of the Capsicum pubescens group fide Int J Pl Sci 162:1411. 2001)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Herbs Commerce ed2)
  

Distributional range:

• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Brazil: Brazil - Amazonas
  Western South America: Colombia [s.]

• widely cultivated in neotropics

• possible origin w. Amazon basin

References:

• Albrecht, E. et al. 2011. Genetic diversity and population structure of Capsicum baccatum genetic resources. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. DOI 10.1007/s10722–011–9700–y. [this study included five samples of this species].
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. ["sinense"].
• Costa Vilagelim, L. et al. 2009. Cross compatibility of domesticated hot pepper and cultivated sweet pepper. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 9:37–44.
• D'Arcy, W. G. & W. H. Eshbaugh. 1974. New World peppers (Capsicum - Solanaceae) north of Colombia: A resumé. Baileya 19:102.
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
• Eshbaugh, W. H. 1993. Peppers: history and exploitation of a serendipitous new crop discovery. P. 133 in: Janick, J. & J. E. Simmon, eds., New crops.
• Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Heiser, C. B. & B. Pickersgill. 1969. Names for the cultivated Capsicum species (Solanaceae). Taxon 18:282.
• Ibiza, V. P. et al. 2011. Taxonomy and genetic diversity of domesticated Capsicum species in the Andean region. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. DOI 10.1007/s10722–011–9744–z.
• Kochieva, E. Z. et al. 2004. Assessment of genetic relationships in the genus Capsicum using different DNA marker systems. In: Voorrips, R. E., ed., Proceedings of the XIIth EUCARPIA meeting on genetics and breeding of Capsicum and eggplant, Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands, 17-19 May, 2004.
• Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2.
• Mansfeld, R. 1959. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2. ["sinense"].
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Moscone, E. A. et al. 2007. The evolution of chili peppers (Capsicum - Solanaceae): a cytogenetic perspective. Acta Hort. 745:137–170.
• Pickersgill, B. et al. 1979. Numerical taxonomic studies on variation and domestication in some species of Capsicum. Pp. 679–699 in: Hawkes, J. G. et al., eds., The biology and taxonomy of the Solanacae.
• Pickersgill, B. 1997. Genetic resources and breeding of Capsicum spp. Euphytica 96:129–133.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Rodriguez, J. M. et al. 1999. Variation among and within Capsicum species revealed by RAPD markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 99:147–156.
• Sudré, C. P. et al. 2010. Genetic variability in domesticated Capsicum spp. as assessed by morphological and agronomic data in mixed statistical analysis. Genet. Molec. Res. 9:283–294.
• Walsh, B. M. & S. B. Hoot. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of Capsicum (Solanaceae) using DNA sequences from two noncoding regions: The chloroplast atpB-rbcL spacer region and nuclear waxy introns. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 162:1409–1418.
• Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. 1943–1980. Flora of Panama.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Capsicum chinense.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Capsicum chinense.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Capsicum chinense.

Check other web resources for Capsicum chinense Jacq.:

• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• GRIN Images of germplasm accessions.

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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