Taxon: Betula papyrifera Marshall

Common names:

• bouleau à papier   (Source: F NAmer )
  
• bouleau blanc   (Source: F NAmer )
  
• canoe birch   (Source: Trees US )
  
• paper birch   (Source: World Econ Pl )
  
• white birch   (Source: Trees US )
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Zander ed13)
  
• Fuels: fuelwood   (fide Trees US)
  
• Materials: fiber; wood   (for veneer, wood pulp, fide Trees US)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2)
  

More:

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

View ethnobotanical data from Moerman's Native American Ethnobotany Database

Distributional range:

Native: (links to other web resources are provided for some distributions)

• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Subarctic America: Canada - Northwest Territory, Yukon Territory; United States - Alaska
  Eastern Canada: Canada - New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec
  Western Canada: Canada - Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Virginia

References:

• Boutelje, J. B. 1980. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature. (Ency WTimber)
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. (CRC MedHerbs ed2)
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America. (F NAmer)
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. (Glea Cron)
• Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of Fagales. (L Fagales)
• Hitchcock, C. L. et al. 1955–1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. (F Pacif NW)
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
• Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States. (AH 519)
• Little, E. L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees, Agric. Handb. 541. (Trees US)
• Rehder, A. 1949. Bibliography of cultivated trees and shrubs. (Rehder)
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978–1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol. (F Canada)
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea. (F Eur)
• Welsh, S. L. 1974. Anderson's flora of Alaska and adjacent parts of Canada. (F AlaskaAnd)

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Betula papyrifera.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Betula papyrifera. Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Synonyms:

• (=) Betula excelsa Aiton
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• (=) Betula lyalliana Koehne, nom. nud.
  
• (=) Betula papyrifera var. commutata (Regel) Fernald
  (previously associated with 3 accessions)

Check other databases for Betula papyrifera Marshall:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• Flora of North America: Collaborative Floristic Effort of North American Botanists
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ICRA: International Cultivar Registration Authority for Betula papyrifera cultivars
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.
  Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Images:

• GRIN Images of germplasm accessions.
• Forestry Images: from www.forestryimages.org
• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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