Taxon: Vulpia myuros (L.) C. C. Gmel.

Common names:

• annual fescue   (Source: Cover Crop Database ) – English
  
• foxtail fescue   (Source: Cover Crop Database ) – English
  
• rat-tail fescue   (Source: F Iraq ) – English
  
• silver grass   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• shu mao   (Source: F ChinaEng ) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• festuca-rabo-de-rato   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• vulpia-rabo-de-rato   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• råttsvingel   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: erosion control   (fide Cover Crop Database)
  
• Environmental: revegetator   (fide Cover Crop Database)
  
• Environmental: soil improver   (fide Cover Crop Database)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Weed CIBA; Invasive Pl Spec)
  

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Madeira Islands; Spain - Canary Islands
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Egypt [n.]; Libya [n.]; Morocco; Tunisia
  Northeast Tropical Africa: Eritrea
  East Tropical Africa: Kenya
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Afghanistan; Cyprus; Egypt - Sinai; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Middle Asia: Kyrgyzstan [w.]; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: Bhutan; India; Pakistan
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Ireland; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece [incl. Crete]; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Azores
  Southern Africa: Lesotho; South Africa - Eastern Cape, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Cape, Western Cape
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  China: China
  Eastern Asia: Japan; Taiwan
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Finland; Norway; Sweden
  East Europe: Lithuania
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Subarctic America: Canada - Yukon Territory
  Western Canada: Canada - British Columbia
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - West Virginia
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Oregon, Washington
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - New Mexico, Texas
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona, California
  Mexico
• PACIFIC
  North-Central Pacific: U.S. Outlying Islands - Midway Islands; United States - Hawaii
• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Caribbean: Hispaniola; Jamaica
  Mesoamerica: Costa Rica; Guatemala
  Brazil: Brazil - Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina
  Western South America: Bolivia; Ecuador; Peru
  Southern South America: Argentina; Chile; Uruguay

• also cultivated

References:

• Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98.
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. 1976–. Flora of Libya.
• Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961–. Flora of New Zealand.
• Ball, D. A. et al. 2008. Biological attributes of rattail fescue (Vulpia myuros). Weed Sci. 56:26–31.
• Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
• Boulos, L. 1995. Flora of Egypt checklist.
• Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45.
• CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988)
• Cronquist, A. et al. 1972–. Intermountain flora.
• Cufodontis, G. 1953–1972. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta.
• Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980–. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Englert, J. M. et al. 1999–. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Forzza, R. C. et al., coord. Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource).
• Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.
• Greuter, W. et al., eds. 2000. International code of botanical nomenclature (Saint Louis Code).
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Hammel, B. E. et al., eds. 2003–. Manual de plantas de Costa Rica.
• Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
• Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989–. Flora of Ethiopia. (and Eritrea. 2000)
• Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
• Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
• Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
• Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres.
• Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75.
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia.
• Meikle, R. D. 1977–1985. Flora of Cyprus.
• Mouterde, P. 1966–. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie.
• Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970–. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
• Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
• Randall, R. P. 2007. The introduced flora of Australia and its weed status.
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica.
• Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India.
• Silva, L. et al. 2005. Listagem da fauna e flora terrestres dos Açores. Lista des plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta).
• Soreng, R. J. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48:692.
• Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966–. Flora of Iraq.
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR.
• Ugarte, E. et al. 2011. Vascular alien flora, Chile. Check List 7:365–382.
• University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource).
• Villaseñor, J. L. & F. J. Espinoza-Garcia. 2004. The alien flowering plants of Mexico. Diversity & Distrib. 10:113–123.
• Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds.
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
• Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966–. Flora palaestina.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Vulpia myuros.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Vulpia myuros.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Vulpia myuros.

Synonyms:

• (=) Festuca megalura Nutt.
  
• (≡) Festuca myuros L. (basionym)
  (previously associated with 4 accessions)
• (=) Vulpia megalura (Nutt.) Rydb.
  
• (=) Vulpia myuros var. hirsuta Hack.
  (previously associated with 2 accessions)

Check other web resources for Vulpia myuros (L.) C. C. Gmel.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora del Conosur: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• SIBIS: South African National Biodiversity Institute's (SANBI) Integrated Biodiversity System
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• CNWG: Catalogue of New World Grasses Searchable Database
• Grass Manual on the Web: Manual of Grasses for North America North of Mexico
• World Grass Species-Descriptions: Morphological species description from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AusGrass2: Australian grass data from Bryan K. Simon’s on-line database
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Florets: Seed ID Workshop image, from Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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