Taxon: Viburnum opulus L. var. opulus

See other conspecific taxa:

• Viburnum opulus (4 accessions)
• Viburnum opulus var. americanum (12 accessions)
• Viburnum opulus var. sargentii (21 accessions)

Common names:

• crampbark   (Source: Dict Gard ) – English
  
• European cranberry-bush   (Source: Dict Gard ) – English
  
• guelder-rose   (Source: Dict Gard ) – English
  
• snowballbush   (Source: Utah Pl ) – English
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Dict Gard; Hortus 3)
  
• Human food: beverage base   (fide Cornucopia)
  
• Human food: fruit   (fide Cornucopia)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Hortus 3; Dict Econ Pl)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Cooper & Johnson ed2)
  
• Weed   (fide Rep NCEPPC)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Viburnum opulus var. opulus from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

Distributional range:

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Western Siberia
  Middle Asia: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan
  China: China - Xinjiang
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czechoslovakia; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Former Yugoslavia; Italy; Romania
  Southwestern Europe: France

• also cultivated

References:

• Campbell, F. T., ed. 1995. Report of National Coalition of Exotic Plant Pest Councils. (unpublished draft)
• Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959–. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
• Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning.
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
• Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants.
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
• Hara, H. 1983. A revision of Caprifoliaceae of Japan with reference to allied plants in other districts and the Adoxaceae. Ginkgoana 5:268–269.
• Hitchcock, C. L. et al. 1955–1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest.
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening.
• Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993–. Flora of Japan.
• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• McAtee, W. L. 1956. Review of the nearctic Viburnum. 45–51.
• Rehder, A. 1949. Bibliography of cultivated trees and shrubs.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• Uphof, J. C. T. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2.
• Welsh, S. L. & G. Moore. 1973. Utah Plants.

Synonyms:

• (=) Viburnum opulus f. nanum (I. David) Zabel
  
• (=) Viburnum opulus f. xanthocarpum (Endl.) Rehder
  

Check other web resources for Viburnum opulus L. var. opulus:

• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ICRA: International Cultivar Registration Authority (on-line resource). for Viburnum opulus var. opulus cultivars

Check other databases for images:

• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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