Taxon: Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.

See also subordinate taxa:

• Setaria italica subsp. italica (762 accessions)
• Setaria italica subsp. viridis (21 accessions)

Common names:

• dwarf setaria   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• foxtail bristle grass   (Source: BSBI ) – English
  
• foxtail bristle grass   (Source: Zander ed16 ) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• foxtail millet   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• German millet   (Source: Pl Book ) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• giant setaria   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• green bristle grass   (Source: Dict Rehm [as S. viridis]) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• green foxtail   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• green foxtail millet   (Source: Blumea 39:383. 1994 [as S. viridis]) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• Hungarian millet   (Source: Pl Book ) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• Italian millet   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• wild foxtail millet   (Source: Blumea 39:383. 1994 [as S. viridis]) – English   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• millet d'Italie   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• millet des oiseaux   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• petit mil   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 10:127.) – French   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• sétaire d'Italie   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• sétaire verte   (Source: Dict Rehm [as S. viridis]) – French   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• grüne Borstenhirse   (Source: Dict Rehm [as S. viridis]) – German   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• Kolbenhirse   (Source: Zander ed16 ) – German   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• panico   (Source: Mult Glossary Crops ) – Italian   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• dzo   (Source: Kulturpflanze 34:129) – Transcribed Korean   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• milha-verde   (Source: Dict Rehm [as S. viridis]) – Portuguese   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• milho-painço   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Portuguese   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• capim-verde   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005 [as S. viridis]) – Portuguese (Brazil)   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• setária-verde   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005 [as S. viridis]) – Portuguese (Brazil)   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• almorejo   (Source: Dict Rehm [as S. viridis]) – Spanish   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• mijo   (Source: Grass Cuba II) – Spanish   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• mijo de Italia   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• mijo menor   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• moha   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• panizo   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  
• kavelhirs   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish   [Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• kolvhirs   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish   [Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Egypt; Libya; Morocco; Tunisia
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Afghanistan; Cyprus; Iran; Iraq; Lebanon; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Eastern Siberia, Western Siberia
  Middle Asia: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan
  Mongolia: Mongolia
  Russian Far East: Russian Federation - Far East
  China: China
  Eastern Asia: Japan; Taiwan
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India [n.e.]; Nepal; Pakistan
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece [incl. Crete]; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Romania; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]

• widely naturalized in temperate & tropic regions

• widely cultivated in temperate & tropic regions

References:

• PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
• Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. 1995. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed.
• Benabdelmouna, A. et al. 2001. Phylogenetic and genomic relationships in Setaria italica and its close relatives based on the molecular diversity and chromosomal organization of 5S and 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA genes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 103:668–677. [supports conspecific relationship with S. viridis (L.) P. Beauv.].
• Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
• CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988)
• Catasús Guerra, L. J. 2002. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, II. Cavanillesia Altera 3:1–163.
• Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR).
• Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980–. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 10:127–130.
• Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
• International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
• Li, Y. et al. 1998. Intraspecific and interspecific variation in Setaria revealed by RAPD analysis. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 45:279–285. [supports conspecific relationship with S. viridis (L.) P. Beauv.].
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:129.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Prasada Rao, K. E. et al. 1987. Infraspecific variation and systematics of cultivated Setaria italica, foxtail millet (Poaceae). Econ. Bot. 41:108–116.
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:264.
• Veldkamp, J. F. 1994. Miscellaneous notes on southeast Asian Gramineae: 9. Setaria and Paspalidium. Blumea 39:377.
• Wang, R.-L. et al. 1995. Weedy adaptation in Setaria spp. I. Isozyme analysis of genetic diversity and population genetic structure in Setaria viridis. Amer. J. Bot. 82:308–317. [supports conspecific relationship with S. viridis (L.) P. Beauv.].
• Wang, Z. M. et al. 1998. Construction of RFLP-based maps of foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. Theor. Appl. Genet. 96:31–36. [supports conspecific relationship with S. viridis (L.) P. Beauv.].
• Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:577.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Setaria italica.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Setaria italica.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Setaria italica.

Synonyms:

• Chaetochloa italica (L.) Scribn. [≡ Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  (previously associated with 276 accessions)
• Chaetochloa viridis (L.) Scribn. [≡ Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  (previously associated with 6 accessions)
• Chamaeraphis viridis (L.) Millsp. [≡ Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• Panicum italicum L. [≡ Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• Panicum pachystachys Franch. & Sav. [= Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• Panicum viride L. [≡ Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  
• Setaria italica subsp. maxima (Alef.) Dekapr. & Kasparian [= Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  (previously associated with 2 accessions)
• Setaria italica var. moharia Alef. ex Hegi [= Setaria italica subsp. italica]
  (previously associated with 3 accessions)
• Setaria pachystachys (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. [= Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. [≡ Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  (previously associated with 38 accessions)
• Setaria viridis subsp. pachystachys (Franch. & Sav.) Masam. & Yanagita [= Setaria italica subsp. viridis]
  (previously associated with 2 accessions)

Check other web resources for Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• CNWG: Catalogue of New World Grasses Searchable Database
• World Grass Species-Descriptions: Morphological species description from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• PROTABASE: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa's (PROTA's) online resource
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Spikelets and/or florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Spikelets and/or florets: Seed ID Workshop image, from Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

Ctrl P to print