Taxon: Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn

• the 1 historical accession(s) associated with this name.
• Check PlantSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.

See also subordinate taxa:

• Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum (no accessions)

Common names:

• bracken   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• bracken fern   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• brake   (Source: Hortus 3 ) – English
  
• northern bracken fern   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – English
  
• fougère des aigles   (Source: F NAmer ) – French
  
• warabi   (Source: F Japan ) – Japanese Rōmaji   [Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum]
  
• gosari   (Source: Econ Bot 50:63.) – Transcribed Korean
  
• örnbräken   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Human food: starch   (starch obtained from rhizomes fide F Japan)
  
• Human food: vegetable   (young leaves are eaten in many temperate cultures but contain carcinogens fide F NAmer)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Herbs Commerce ed2)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Kingsbury; Kellerman et al.; Lampe & McCann; Cooper & Johnson ed2)
  
• Weed   (fide Atlas WWeed)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Pteridium aquilinum from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

View ethnobotanical data from Moerman's Native American Ethnobotany Database

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Azores, Madeira Islands; Spain - Canary Islands
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Morocco
  Northeast Tropical Africa: Ethiopia; Sudan
  East Tropical Africa: Kenya; Tanzania; Uganda
  West-Central Tropical Africa: Cameroon; Zaire
  West Tropical Africa: Liberia; Sierra Leone
  South Tropical Africa: Angola; Malawi; Mozambique; Zambia; Zimbabwe
  Southern Africa: Lesotho; South Africa; Swaziland
  Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar; Mauritius; Reunion
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Arabian Peninsula: Yemen
  Western Asia: Turkey
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Altay, Buryatia, Chita, Gorno-Altay, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk, Kurgan, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Tuva, Tyumen, Yakutia-Sakha
  Mongolia: Mongolia
  Russian Far East: Russian Federation - Amur, Kamchatka, Primorye, Sakhalin
  China: China
  Eastern Asia: Japan - Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands, Shikoku; Korea, North; Korea, South; Taiwan
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India; Sri Lanka
  Indo-China: Cambodia; Thailand; Vietnam
  Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece [incl. Crete]; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Macedonia; Montenegro; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]
• NORTHERN AMERICA (Check conservation status in U.S. & Canada in NatureServe Explorer database)
  Subarctic America: United States - Alaska
  Eastern Canada: Canada - New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec; St. Pierre and Miquelon
  Western Canada: Canada - Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - New Mexico, Texas
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah
  Northern Mexico: Mexico - Baja Norte, Baja Sur, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa
  Southern Mexico: Mexico - Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Federal District, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Veracruz

References:

• PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961–. Flora of New Zealand.
• Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. [poisonous].
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960–. Flora zambesiaca.
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America. 202.
• George, A. S., ed. 1980–. Flora of Australia.
• Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.
• Grubov, V. I. 2001. Key to the vascular plants of Mongolia.
• Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds.
• Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972–. Atlas florae europaeae.
• Kellerman, T. S. et al. 1988. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. [poisonous].
• Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. [poisonous].
• Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000–. Flora of Siberia (English translation).
• Laasimer, L. et al., eds. 1993–. Flora of the Baltic countries; compendium of vascular plants.
• Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants. [poisonous].
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Mickel, J. T. & A. R. Smith. 2004. The pteridophytes of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88:1-1054.
• Miller, A. G. & T. A. Cope. 1996–. Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
• Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
• Oh, S.-Y. & J.-H. Pak. 2001. Distribution maps of vascular plants in Korea.
• Pemberton, R. W. & N. S. Lee. 1996. Wild food plants in South Korea; market presence, new crops, and exports to the United States. Econ. Bot. 50:63, 67.
• Tagawa, M. & K. Iwatsuki. 1979. Flora of Thailand. 3:125.
• Tryon, R. M. & A. F. Tryon. 1982. Ferns and allied plants with special reference to tropical America. 389.
• Tryon, R. M. & R. G. Stolze. 1989. Part II. (13. Pteridaceae - 15. Dennstaedtiaceae). In: Tryon, R. M. & R. G. Stolze, eds., Pteridophyta of Peru. Fieldiana, Botany new ser. 22:105.
• Tryon, R. M. 1941. A revision of the genus Pteridium. Rhodora 43:15–31,37–64.
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa.
• Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
• Wood, J. R. I. 1997. A handbook of the flora of Yemen.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Pteridium aquilinum.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Pteridium aquilinum.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Pteridium aquilinum.

Synonyms:

• Pteridium latiusculum (Desf.) Hieron. ex R. E. Fr. [≡ Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum]
  
• (≡) Pteris aquilina L. (basionym)
  
• Pteris latiuscula Desf. [≡ Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum]
  

Check other web resources for Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn:

• Flora of North America: Collaborative Floristic Effort of North American Botanists
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• ABRS: Australian Biological Resources Study Flora of Australia online
• SIBIS: South African National Biodiversity Institute's (SANBI) Integrated Biodiversity System
• On-line Flora of Zimbabwe
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• PROTABASE: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa's (PROTA's) online resource
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Check other web resources for images:

• PlantSystematics.org
• Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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