Taxon: Ranunculus flammula L.

• Check PlantSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.

Common names:

• lesser spearwort   (Source: Dict Gard ) – English
  
• spearwort   (Source: F NAmer ) – English
  
• ältranunkel   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Kingsbury; Cooper & Johnson ed2)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Ranunculus flammula from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

View ethnobotanical data from Moerman's Native American Ethnobotany Database

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Azores, Madeira Islands
  Northern Africa: Algeria [n.]; Morocco
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Turkey
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Altay
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czechoslovakia; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine [n.]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Former Yugoslavia; Greece [n.]; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Romania
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain
• NORTHERN AMERICA (Check conservation status in U.S. & Canada in NatureServe Explorer database)
  Subarctic America: Canada - Northwest Territory, Yukon Territory; United States - Alaska
  Eastern Canada: Canada - New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec; St. Pierre and Miquelon
  Western Canada: Canada - Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Minnesota, North Dakota [n.], Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Colorado, Idaho, Montana [w.], Oregon, Washington, Wyoming [w.]
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - New Mexico [n.w.]
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona [n.], California, Nevada

• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia
  New Zealand: New Zealand

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. [poisonous].
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
• Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage.
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America. [with three varieties].
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening.
• Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972–. Atlas florae europaeae.
• Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. [poisonous].
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962–1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
• Silva, L. et al. 2005. Listagem da fauna e flora terrestres dos Açores. Lista des plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta).
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, second edition.
• Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986–. European garden flora.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Ranunculus flammula.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Ranunculus flammula.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Ranunculus flammula.

Check other web resources for Ranunculus flammula L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• Flora of North America: Collaborative Floristic Effort of North American Botanists
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Check other web resources for images:

• PlantSystematics.org
• Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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