Taxon: Trifolium subterraneum L.

See also subordinate taxa:

• Trifolium subterraneum var. yanninicum (no accessions)
• Trifolium subterraneum subsp. brachycalycinum (17 accessions)
• Trifolium subterraneum subsp. subterraneum (1 accessions)

Common names:

• sub clover   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• subterranean clover   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• trèfle souterrain   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• Erdklee   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – German
  
• trifoglio sotteraneo   (Source: Mult Glossary Crops ) – Italian
  
• jimoguri-tsumekusa   (Source: F Japan ) – Japanese Rōmaji
  
• trevo-subterrâneo   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Portuguese
  
• grävklöver   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Environmental: erosion control   (fide Cover Crop Database)
  
• Environmental: soil improver   (fide Cover Crop Database)
  
• Animal food: forage   (fide Food Feed Crops US; Invasive Pl Spec)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Kingsbury; Kellerman et al.; Cooper & Johnson ed2)
  
• Weed   (fide Invasive Pl Spec)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Trifolium subterraneum from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

View phytochemical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Madeira Islands; Spain - Canary Islands
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Libya; Morocco; Tunisia
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Cyprus; Iran; Israel; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey
  Caucasus: Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Ireland; United Kingdom
  East Europe: Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Former Yugoslavia; Greece [incl. Crete]; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Romania
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Azores
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  United States
• PACIFIC
  North-Central Pacific: United States - Hawaii

• also cultivated

References:

• Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. 1976–. Flora of Libya.
• Boonman, J. G. 1993. East Africa's grasses and fodders: their ecology and husbandry. 192.
• Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. [poisonous].
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Gillett, J. M. & N. L. Taylor (M. Collins ed.). 2001. The world of clovers. 402.
• Graham, E. H. 1941. Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. USDA Misc. Publ. 412.
• International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
• Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993–. Flora of Japan.
• Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres.
• Jahandiez, E. & R. Maire. 1931–1941. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc.
• Kellerman, T. S. et al. 1988. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. [poisonous].
• Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. [poisonous].
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• Meikle, R. D. 1977–1985. Flora of Cyprus.
• National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future.
• Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1979–1981. Flore de la Tunisie: Angiospermes-Dicotyledones.
• Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962–1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica.
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Silva, L. et al. 2005. Listagem da fauna e flora terrestres dos Açores. Lista des plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta).
• Smythies, B. E. 1984–1986. Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands: checklist of vascular plants. Englera 3:1-882.
• Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966–. Flora of Iraq.
• University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource).
• Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds.
• Zohary, M. & D. Heller. 1984. The genus Trifolium. 525.
• Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966–. Flora palaestina.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Trifolium subterraneum.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Trifolium subterraneum.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Trifolium subterraneum.

Synonyms:

• Trifolium brachycalycinum (Katzn. & Morley) Katzn. [≡ Trifolium subterraneum subsp. brachycalycinum]
  
• Trifolium subterraneum subsp. yanninicum Katzn. & Morley [≡ Trifolium subterraneum var. yanninicum]
  

Check other web resources for Trifolium subterraneum L.:

• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• ILDIS: World Database of Legumes
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images or nodulation data:

• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Seeds or fruits: Seed ID Workshop image, from Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University
• GRIN nodulation data

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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