Taxon: Prunus avium (L.) L.

Common names:

• bird cherry   (Source: Dict Gard ) – English
  
• gean   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• mazzard cherry   (Source: Trees US [applies to wild populations]) – English
  
• sweet cherry   (Source: Trees US ) – English
  
• wild cherry   (Source: BSBI ) – English
  
• ou zhou tian ying tao   (Source: F ChinaEng [as Cerasus avium]) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• cerisier des oiseaux   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• merisier   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• Herzkirsche   (Source: S. Reichel, p.c.) – German
  
• Süßkirsche   (Source: S. Reichel, p.c.) – German
  
• Süßkirschenbaum   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – German
  
• Vogelkirsche   (Source: Zander ed17 ) – German
  
• ciliegio   (Source: Mult Glossary Trees ) – Italian
  
• seiyō-mizakura   (Source: F JapanOhwi ) – Japanese Rōmaji
  
• yangbeojnamu   (Source: F Korea ) – Transcribed Korean
  
• cerejeira   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Portuguese
  
• cerezo   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Krussmann; Eur Gard F; F ChinaEng, as Cerasus avium)
  
• Human food: fruit   (fide Krussmann; F ChinaEng, as Cerasus avium)
  
• Gene sources: graft stock relative for ornamental cherries   (fide Dict Gard (as "Japanese and large flowered cherries"))
  
• Gene sources: graft stock relative for sour cherry   (fide Acta Hort 190:115. 1990)
  
• Gene sources: graft stock relative for sweet cherry   (wild Prunus avium "mazzard" fide Temp Fruit Cr Breed 153. 2008)
  
• Gene sources: primary genetic relative of sweet cherry   (wild Prunus avium "mazzard" fide Temp Fruit Cr Breed 153. 2008)
  
• Gene sources: progenitor of Duke cherry   (fide Heredity 93:631. 2004)
  
• Gene sources: tertiary genetic relative of sour cherry   (based on crosses with P. cerasus as female parent fide Heredity 93:632. 2004)
  
• Materials: wood   (fide Pl Book)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Herbs Commerce ed2)
  

More:

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Afghanistan; Iran; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus [s.]; Moldova; Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece; Italy [incl. Sardinia]; Macedonia; Serbia; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France; Portugal; Spain

• naturalized elsewhere

• also cultivated

References:

• Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
• Bortiri, E. et al. 2001. Phylogeny and systematics of Prunus (Rosaceae) as determined by sequence analysis of ITS and the chloroplast trnL-trnF spacer DNA. Syst. Bot. 26:797–807.
• Bortiri, E. et al. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis of morphology in Prunus reveals extensive homoplasy. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259:53–71.
• Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
• Boutelje, J. B. 1980. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature.
• Clapham, A. R. et al. 1962. Flora of the British Isles ed. 2.
• Clarke, J. B. et al. 2009. A cherry map from the inter-specific cross Prunus avium 'Napoleon' × P. nipponica based on microsatellite, gene-specific and isoenzyme markers. Tree Genet. Genomes 5:41–51.
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. [= Cerasus avium (L.) Moench].
• Dirlewanger, E. et al. 2009. Chapter 14. Sweet and sour cherries: Linkage maps, QTL detection and marker assisted selection. In: Folta, K. M. et al., eds., Genetics and genomics of Rosaceae. 291–313.
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2002. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 17. Auflage.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Gutièrrez Pesce, P. & E. Ruggini. 2004. Influence of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and iron on the cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of transgenic cherry rootstock 'Colt' (Prunus avium × P. pseudocerasus). Pl. Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 79:223–232.
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening.
• Iezzoni, A. F. 2008. Chapter 5. Cherries. In: Hancock, J. F., ed., Temperate fruit crop breeding: germplasm to genomics. 151–175.
• Iezzoni, A. et al. 1990. Cherries (Prunus). Acta Hort. 190:111–173.
• International Seed Testing Association. 1971. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 2. Trees.
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR. [= Cerasus avium (L.) Moench].
• Krüssmann, G. 1984. Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs (English translation of Handbuch der Laubgehölze. 1976).
• Lee, Y. N. 1997. Flora of Korea.
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• Little, E. L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees, Agric. Handb. 541.
• Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Meikle, R. D. 1977–1985. Flora of Cyprus.
• Mowrey, B. D. & D. J. Werner. 1990. Phylogenetic relationships among species of Prunus as inferred by isozyme markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 80:129–133.
• Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:120.
• Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan (Engl. ed.).
• Pandey, A. et al. 2008. Genetic resources of Prunus (Rosaceae) in India. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 55:91–104. [cultivated].
• Pérez-Sánchez, R. et al. 2008. Agromorphological characterization of traditional Spanish sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) and duke cherry (Prunus × gondouinii Rehd.) cultivars. Spanish journal of agricultural research 6:42–55. [this study clarified the identities of traditional Spanish cherries].
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica. [= Cerasus avium (L.) Moench].
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Reichel, S. 1998. pers. comm. [re. German common names].
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978–1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
• Tavaud, S. et al. 2004. Genetic relationships between diploid and allotetraploid cherry species (Prunus avium, Prunus × gondouinii and Prunus cerasus). Heredity 93:631–638.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• Verheij, E. W. M. & R. E. Coronel, eds. 1991. Edible fruits and nuts. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 2:264.
• Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986–. European garden flora.
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition). [= Cerasus avium (L.) Moench].

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Prunus avium.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Prunus avium.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Prunus avium.

Synonyms:

• (≡) Cerasus avium (L.) Moench
  
• (=) Cerasus avium var. aspleniifolia G. Kirchn.
  
• (=) Cerasus avium var. sylvestris Ser.
  
• (=) Prunus avium var. aspleniifolia (G. Kirchn.) H. Jaeger
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• (=) Prunus avium var. sylvestris (Ser.) G. Martens & Kemmler
  (previously associated with 9 accessions)
• (≡) Prunus cerasus var. avium L. (basionym)
  
• (=) Prunus macrophylla Poir.
  

Check other web resources for Prunus avium (L.) L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ICRA: International Cultivar Registration Authority (on-line resource). for Prunus avium cultivars
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Stone: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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