Taxon: Pinus pinaster Aiton

• the 5 historical accession(s) associated with this name.
• Check PlantSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.
• Check AABGA/NAPCC contact person for genus for possible non-NPGS germplasm.

Common names:

• cluster pine   (Source: Websters Dict ) – English
  
• maritime pine   (Source: Pines ) – English
  
• pinaster pine   (Source: Ecocrop ) – English
  
• trosden   (Source: Weeds SAfr 2001 ) – Afrikaans
  
• hai an song   (Source: F ChinaEng ) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• Strandkiefer   (Source: Zander ed14 ) – German
  
• pino marittimo   (Source: Mult Glossary Trees ) – Italian
  
• terpentintall   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Environmental: erosion control   (sand-binding fide F Eur ed2)
  
• Environmental: shade/shelter   (fide Invasive Pl Spec)
  
• Materials: wood   (fide Econ Pl Aust)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2)
  
• Weed   (fide Invasive Pl Spec; Weeds SAfr 2001)
  

More:

View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Northern Africa: Morocco [n.]
• EUROPE
  Southeastern Europe: Croatia; Italy [n. & Sardinia]
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain

• AFRICA
  Southern Africa: South Africa
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: United Kingdom
• PACIFIC
  North-Central Pacific: United States - Hawaii
• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  South America [s.]

• also cultivated

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Castroviejo, S. et al., eds. 1989–. Flora iberica: plantas vasculares de la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares.
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
• Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage.
• Farjon, A. 1984. Pines, drawings and descriptions of the genus Pinus.
• Farjon, A. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of conifers.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.
• Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12.
• International Seed Testing Association. 1971. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 2. Trees.
• Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972–. Atlas florae europaeae.
• Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Silba, J. 1986. Encyclopaedia Coniferae. Phytologia Mem. 8:157.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, second edition.
• Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds.
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
• Webster's third new international dictionary.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Pinus pinaster.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Pinus pinaster.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Pinus pinaster.

Synonyms:

• (=) Pinus maritima Lam.
  (previously associated with 2 accessions)

Check other web resources for Pinus pinaster Aiton:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• SIBIS: South African National Biodiversity Institute's (SANBI) Integrated Biodiversity System
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Gymnosperm Database of Christopher J. Earle
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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