Taxon: Phytolacca americana L.

Common names:

• pigeonberry   (Source: Econ Pl Aust ) – English
  
• poke   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – English
  
• pokeberry   (Source: F NAmer ) – English
  
• pokeroot   (Source: CRC MedHerbs ed2 ) – English
  
• pokeweed   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• Virginia poke   (Source: Websters Dict ) – English
  
• chui xu shang lu   (Source: F ChinaEng ) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• raisin d'Amérique   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• teinturière   (Source: C. Feuillet, p.c.) – French
  
• Kermesbeere   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – German
  
• fitolaca   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• hierba carmín   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• amerikanskt kermesbär   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Zander ed13)
  
• Human food: vegetable   (fide Food Feed Crops US; Cornucopia; F NAmer)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Pl Res SEAs 12(1):396. 1999; CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2; F ChinaEng; F NAmer)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Kingsbury; Cooper & Johnson ed2; Lampe & McCann; F NAmer)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Phytolacca americana from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

View ethnobotanical data from Moerman's Native American Ethnobotany Database

Distributional range:

• NORTHERN AMERICA (Check conservation status in U.S. & Canada in NatureServe Explorer database)
  Eastern Canada: Canada - Ontario, Quebec
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa [s.w.], Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska [e.], Oklahoma, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Oregon
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - New Mexico, Texas
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona, California

• also cultivated

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Cannon, J. & M. Cannon. 1994. Dye plants and dyeing. The Herbert Press & The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. [poisonous].
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants.
• Feuillet, C. 1998. pers. comm. [re. French common names].
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2.
• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. [with two varieties].
• Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. [poisonous].
• Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants. [poisonous].
• Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
• Padua, L. S. de et al., eds. 1999. Medicinal and poisonous plants 1. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 12(1):396.
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978–1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
• Seymour, F. 1969. The flora of New England.
• Wetter, M. A. et al. WISFLORA: Wisconsin vascular plant species (on-line resource).
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
• Webster's third new international dictionary.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Phytolacca americana.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Phytolacca americana.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Phytolacca americana.

Synonyms:

• (=) Phytolacca decandra L.
  (previously associated with 1 accession)

Check other web resources for Phytolacca americana L.:

• Flora of North America: Collaborative Floristic Effort of North American Botanists
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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