Taxon: Phalaris aquatica L.

Common names:

• Australian phalaris   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• bulbous Canary grass   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• Harding grass   (Source: F CalifJep ) – English
  
• Toowoomba Canary grass   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• shui ge cao   (Source: F ChinaEng ) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• alpiste bulbeux   (Source: Dict Rehm [as P. tuberosa]) – French
  
• herbe de Harding   (Source: Dict Rehm [as P. tuberosa var. stenoptera]) – French
  
• phalaris tubéreux   (Source: Dict Rehm [as P. tuberosa]) – French
  
• knolliges Glanzgras   (Source: Dict Rehm [as P. tuberosa]) – German
  
• falaride tuberosa   (Source: Mult Glossary Crops ) – Italian
  
• hādhingu-gurasu   (Source: Pl Names ) – Japanese Rōmaji
  
• capim-doce   (Source: Dict Rehm [as P. tuberosa]) – Portuguese
  
• rabillo de cordero   (Source: Dict Rehm [as P. tuberosa]) – Spanish
  
• knölflen   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Animal food: fodder   (fide Grass VarUSA)
  
• Animal food: forage   (fide Grass VarUSA)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Kellerman et al.)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Weed CIBA; Invasive Pl Spec)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Phalaris aquatica from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Madeira Islands; Spain - Canary Islands
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Libya; Morocco; Tunisia
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Cyprus; Iraq; Israel; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey
  Caucasus: Azerbaijan
• EUROPE
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece - Crete [incl. Crete]; Italy [incl. Sicily]
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]

• AFRICA
  Southern Africa: South Africa
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Ireland; United Kingdom
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  United States

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. 1995. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed.
• Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49:276.
• CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988)
• Englert, J. M. et al. 1999–. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.
• Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58.
• Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: higher plants of California.
• Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
• International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
• Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres.
• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
• Kellerman, T. S. et al. 1988. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Press, J. R. & M. J. Short, eds. 1994. Flora of Madeira.
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. [= P. tuberosa].
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds.
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
• Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 1994. Catalogo de la familia Poaceae en la Republica Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Phalaris aquatica.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Phalaris aquatica.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Phalaris aquatica.

Synonyms:

• (=) Phalaris bulbosa auct.
  (previously associated with 8 accessions)
• (≡) Phalaris nodosa L.
  (previously associated with 4 accessions)
• (=) Phalaris stenoptera Hack.
  (previously associated with 7 accessions)
• (=) Phalaris tuberosa L.
  (previously associated with 27 accessions)
• (=) Phalaris tuberosa var. stenoptera (Hack.) Hitchc.
  (previously associated with 2 accessions)

Check other web resources for Phalaris aquatica L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• SIBIS: South African National Biodiversity Institute's (SANBI) Integrated Biodiversity System
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• CNWG: Catalogue of New World Grasses Searchable Database
• Grass Manual on the Web: Manual of Grasses for North America North of Mexico
• World Grass Species-Descriptions: Morphological species description from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AusGrass2: Australian grass data from Bryan K. Simon’s on-line database
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• GRIN Images of germplasm accessions.
• Spikelets and/or florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Spikelets and/or florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Spikelets and/or florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Spikelets and/or florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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