Taxon: Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.

Common names:

• bajra   (Source: Websters Dict ) – English
  
• bulrush millet   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• cattail millet   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 10:119.) – English
  
• horse millet   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• Indian millet   (Source: Proc Natl Acad Sci ) – English
  
• pearl millet   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• yu gu   (Source: F ChinaEng ) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• mil africain   (Source: L Noms French ed7 ) – French
  
• millet à chandelles   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• millet perle   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• Negerhirse   (Source: Zander Ency ) – German
  
• Perlhirse   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – German
  
• bajira   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – India (Hindi)
  
• miglio perlato   (Source: Mult Glossary Crops ) – Italian
  
• milheto   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Portuguese
  
• mijo negro   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• mijo perla   (Source: Grass Cuba II) – Spanish
  
• pärlhirs   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Environmental: erosion control   (fide Cover Crop Database)
  
• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Hort Rev 39:134. 2012)
  
• Environmental: soil improver   (fide Cover Crop Database)
  
• Human food: cereal   (fide Grass Camer)
  
• Animal food: fodder   (for birdseed fide CultTropS)
  
• Animal food: forage   (fide Food Feed Crops US)
  
• Gene sources: tertiary genetic relative of sugarcane   (using protoplast fusion fide Proc Natl Acad Sci 83:5616)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Geigy Weed Tables. 1968)
  

More:

View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Africa
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  China: China
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  United States

References:

• PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Burkill, H. M. 1994. The useful plants of west tropical Africa. 2:313–317.
• Busso, C. S. et al. 2000. Genetic diversity within and among landraces of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) under farm management in West Africa. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 47:561–568.
• CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables.
• Catasús Guerra, L. J. 2002. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, II. Cavanillesia Altera 3:1–163.
• Chemisquy, M. A. et al. 2010. Phylogenetic studies favour the unification of Pennisetum, Cenchrus and Odontelytrum (Poaceae): a combined nuclear, plastid and morphological analysis, and nomenclatural combinations in Cenchrus. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 106:127. [= Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone].
• Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980–. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
• Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen.
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58.
• Grubben, G. J. H. & Soetjipto Partohardjono, eds. 1996. Cereals. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 10:119–123.
• Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
• International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
• Mariac, C. et al. 2006. Diversity of wild and cultivated pearl millet accessions (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) in Niger assessed by microsatellite markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 114:49–58.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• Meyer, M. H. 2012. Chapter 3. Ornamental grasses in the United States. Hort. Rev. 39:121–152.
• Oumar, I. et al. 2008. Phylogeny and origin of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) as revealed by microsatellite loci. Theor. Appl. Genet. 117:489–497.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics. [= P. americanum].
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Tabaeizadeh, Z. et al. 1986. Somatic hybridization in the Gramineae: Saccharum officinarum L. (sugarcane) and Pennisetum americanum (L.) K. Schum. (pearl millet). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:5616–5619.
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa.
• University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource).
• Vasil, V. & I. K. Vasil. 1981. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from suspension cultures of pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum). Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 47:669–678. [this study obtained cells from embryos of plants identified as P. americanum (citing as a synonym P. typhoides) and treated in suspension cultures to later develop embryoids].
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
• Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun.
• Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:530.
• Webster's third new international dictionary.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Pennisetum glaucum.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Pennisetum glaucum.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Pennisetum glaucum.

Synonyms:

• (=) Alopecurus typhoides Burm. f.
  
• (=) Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone
  
• (≡) Chaetochloa glauca (L.) Scribn.
  (previously associated with 4 accessions)
• (≡) Chamaeraphis glauca (L.) Kuntze
  
• (=) Holcus spicatus L.
  
• (≡) Panicum glaucum L. (basionym)
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• (=) Panicum spicatum (L.) Roxb.
  
• (=) Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke
  (previously associated with 562 accessions)
• (=) Pennisetum leonis Stapf & C. E. Hubb.
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• (=) Pennisetum spicatum (L.) Körn.
  (previously associated with 343 accessions)
• (=) Pennisetum typhoides (Burm. f.) Stapf & C. E. Hubb.
  (previously associated with 106 accessions)
• (=) Pennisetum typhoideum Rich.
  (previously associated with 42 accessions)
• (≡) Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv.
  (previously associated with 19 accessions)

Check other web resources for Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.:

• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• CNWG: Catalogue of New World Grasses Searchable Database
• Grass Manual on the Web: Manual of Grasses for North America North of Mexico
• World Grass Species-Descriptions: Morphological species description from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• PROTABASE: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa's (PROTA's) online resource
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• GRIN Images of germplasm accessions.
• Spikelets and/or florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Spikelets and/or florets: Seed ID Workshop image, from Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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