Taxon: Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.

A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:

OH*°.

ªAquatic.

*Terrestrial.

°In seed.

Link to noxious weed information from

Common names:

• apple-of-Peru   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• broadleaf-nightshade   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• shooflyplant   (Source: Hortus 3 ) – English
  
• nicandra   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• Giftbeere   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – German
  
• capulí cimarró   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• ballongblomma   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Zander ed13)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Atlas WWeed)
  

More:

View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Western South America: Peru

• naturalized elsewhere

• also cultivated

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. [lists as N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn.].
• Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980–. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2000. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 16. Auflage. [lists as N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn.].
• Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960–. Flora zambesiaca.
• Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds.
• Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. [lists as N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn.].
• Macbride, J. F. et al., eds. 1936–1971. Flora of Peru.; new ser. 1980- [lists as N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn.].
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Reitz, R., ed. 1965–. Flora ilustrada catarinense. [lists as N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn.].
• Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1946–1976. Flora of Guatemala. [lists as N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn.].
• Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Nicandra physalodes.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Nicandra physalodes.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Nicandra physalodes.

Synonyms:

• (≡) Atropa physalodes L. (basionym)
  
• (≡) Pentagonia physalodes (L.) Hiern
  (previously associated with 6 accessions)

Check other web resources for Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.:

• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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