Taxon: Monarda fistulosa L.

See also subordinate taxa:

• Monarda fistulosa var. fistulosa (2 accessions)
• Monarda fistulosa var. menthifolia (no accessions)

Common names:

• beebalm   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• horse-mint   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• purple beebalm   (Source: CRC MedHerbs ed2 ) – English
  
• wild bergamot   (Source: F Missouri ) – English
  
• wild bergamot beebalm   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – English
  
• monarde fistuleuse   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• späte Indianernessel   (Source: Zander Ency ) – German
  
• lila temynta   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Dict Gard; Hortus 3)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2)
  

More:

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

View ethnobotanical data from Moerman's Native American Ethnobotany Database

Distributional range:

• NORTHERN AMERICA (Check conservation status in U.S. & Canada in NatureServe Explorer database)
  Eastern Canada: Canada - Ontario [s.], Quebec [s.w.]
  Western Canada: Canada - Alberta, British Columbia [s.], Manitoba [s.], Saskatchewan [s.]
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - New Mexico, Texas
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona, Utah
  Northern Mexico: Mexico - Coahuila

• also cultivated

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Allred, Kelly W. 2008. Flora Neomexicana I: The vascular plants of New Mexico, an annotated checklist to the names of vascular plants with synonymy and bibliography.
• Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas.
• Cronquist, A. et al. 1972–. Intermountain flora.
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen.
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2.
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening.
• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. [with two subspecies].
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Ohio Flora Committee (E. L. Braun, T. S. Cooperrider, T. R. Fisher, J. J. Furlow). 1967–. The vascular flora of Ohio.
• Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Seymour, F. 1969. The flora of New England.
• Smith, E. B. 1978. An atlas and annotated list of the vascular plants of Arkansas.
• Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri.
• Strausbaugh, T. D. & E. L. Core. 1978. Flora of West Virginia, ed. 2.
• Turner, B. L. 1994. Taxonomic treatment of Monarda (Lamiaceae) for Texas and Mexico. Phytologia 77:70–71.
• University of Texas Herbarium. 2000–. The mints of Texas (on-line resource).
• Welsh, S. L. et al. 1993. A Utah flora.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Monarda fistulosa.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Monarda fistulosa.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Monarda fistulosa.

Synonyms:

• Monarda menthifolia Graham [≡ Monarda fistulosa var. menthifolia]
  

Check other web resources for Monarda fistulosa L.:

• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• GRIN Images of germplasm accessions.
• Forestry Images: from www.forestryimages.org

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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