Taxon: Lythrum salicaria L.

A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:

AKª*, ALª*, ARª*, AZª*°, CAª*, COª*°, CTª*, FLª, IAª*, IDª*°, ILª*, MAª*, MNª*, MOª*, MTª*°, NDª*, NEª*°, NHª*°, NJ°, NMª*, NVª*, OHª*°, OKª, ORª*, PAª*, SCª, SDª*, TNª*, TXª*, UT°, VAª*, VTª*°, WAª*, WIª*, WYª*°.

ªAquatic.

*Terrestrial.

°In seed.

Link to noxious weed information from

Link to species profile at

Common names:

• purple loosestrife   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• purple lythrum   (Source: State Noxweed Seed ) – English
  
• spiked loosestrife   (Source: Hortus 3 ) – English
  
• qian qu cai   (Source: F ChinaEng ) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• salicaire   (Source: Zander Ency ) – French
  
• Blut-Weiderich   (Source: Zander Ency ) – German
  
• miso-hagi   (Source: F Japan ) – Japanese Rōmaji
  
• abre-o-sol   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• erva-da-vida   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• quebra-arado   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• vassourinha   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• fackelblomster   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Dict Gard; Invasive Pl Spec)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Rep NCEPPC; Invasive Pl Spec; Weeds SAfr 2001)
  

More:

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Morocco; Tunisia
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Afghanistan; Iran; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Eastern Siberia
  Mongolia: Mongolia
  Russian Far East: Russian Federation - Amur, Primorye, Sakhalin
  China: China [throughout]
  Eastern Asia: Japan - Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czechoslovakia; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Former Yugoslavia; Greece; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Romania
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain

• AFRICA
  Southern Africa: South Africa - Western Cape
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia - New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Canada
  United States
• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Southern South America: Chile

• also cultivated

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961–. Flora of New Zealand.
• Campbell, F. T., ed. 1995. Report of National Coalition of Exotic Plant Pest Councils. (unpublished draft)
• Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants. Florida state list aquatic & wetland noxious weeds - from Department of Environmental Protection (on-line resource).
• Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959–. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
• Conant, P. et al. 1997. Appendix. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in North American natural areas. In: Luken, J. O. & J. W. Thieret, eds., Assessment and management of plant invasions. 255–267.
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• George, A. S., ed. 1980–. Flora of Australia.
• Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984–. Med-Checklist.
• Greuter, W. et al., eds. 2000. International code of botanical nomenclature (Saint Louis Code). Art. 23.5, Ex. 6.
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12.
• Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
• Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds.
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening.
• Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
• Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993–. Flora of Japan.
• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan (Engl. ed.).
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica.
• Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource).
• Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds.
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Lythrum salicaria.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Lythrum salicaria.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Lythrum salicaria.

Check other web resources for Lythrum salicaria L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora del Conosur: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• ABRS: Australian Biological Resources Study Flora of Australia online
• SIBIS: South African National Biodiversity Institute's (SANBI) Integrated Biodiversity System
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Forestry Images: Images of invasive weeds from www.forestryimages.org

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

Ctrl P to print