Taxon: Lythrum salicaria L.

A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:

ALª*, ARª*, CAª*, COª*°, CTª*, FLª, IAª*, IDª*°, ILª*, MAª*, MNª*, MOª*, MTª*°, NDª*, NEª*°, NHª*°, NJ°, NMª*, NVª*, OHª*°, OKª, ORª*, PAª*, SCª, SDª*, TNª*, TXª*, UT°, VAª*, VTª*°, WAª*, WIª*, WYª*°.

ªAquatic.

*Terrestrial.

°In seed.

Link to noxious weed information from

Link to species profile at

Common names:

• purple loosestrife   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• purple lythrum   (Source: State Noxweed Seed ) – English
  
• spiked loosestrife   (Source: Hortus 3 ) – English
  
• abre-o-sol   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• erva-da-vida   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• quebra-arado   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• vassourinha   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Dict Gard; Invasive Pl Spec)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2)
  
• Weed: also potential seed contaminant   (fide Rep NCEPPC; Invasive Pl Spec; Weeds SAfr 2001)
  

More:

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Morocco; Tunisia
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Afghanistan; Iran; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Eastern Siberia
  Russian Far East: Russian Federation - Amur, Primorye, Sakhalin
  Mongolia: Mongolia
  China: China [throughout]
  Eastern Asia: Japan - Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India [n.]; Pakistan
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia - Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czechoslovakia; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Former Yugoslavia; Greece; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Romania
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain

• naturalized in s. Africa, Australia, New Zealand, United States, & Canada

References:

• Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants. Florida state list aquatic & wetland noxious weeds - from Department of Environmental Protection - on-line document. (FL AquaNoxweed)
• Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959–. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. (F China)
• Conant, P. et al. 1997. Appendix. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in North American natural areas. In J. O. Luken & J. W. Thieret, eds., Assessment and management of plant invasions. (Pl Invasion)
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. (CRC MedHerbs ed2)
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop - on-line resource. (Ecocrop)
• Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984–. Med-Checklist. (L Medit)
• Greuter, W. et al., eds. 2000. International code of botanical nomenclature (Saint Louis Code). (ICBN St Louis) Art. 23.5, Ex. 6.
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12. (Weeds SAfr 2001)
• Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11. (L Aust)
• Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds. (Atlas WWeed)
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. (L US Can ed2)
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR. (F USSR)
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. (Herbs Commerce ed2)
• Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan (Engl. ed.). (F JapanOhwi)
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica. (F Iran)
• Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act. (State Noxweed Seed)
• USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (Nat Invasive Sp Info)
• Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. (Invasive Pl Spec)

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Lythrum salicaria.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Lythrum salicaria. Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Check other databases for Lythrum salicaria L.:

• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium Map Display Interface
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.
  Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Images:

• Forestry Images: Images of invasive weeds from www.forestryimages.org

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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