Taxon: Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd.

Common names:

• candleberry   (Source: Websters Dict ) – English
  
• candlenut   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• candlenut-tree   (Source: F TE Afr ) – English
  
• Indian-walnut   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• lumbangtree   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• varnishtree   (Source: CRC MedHerbs ) – English
  
• noyer de bancoul   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• noyer des Moluques   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• Lichtnußbaum   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – German
  
• kukui   (Source: web document) – Hawaiian
  
• noz-da-Índia   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Portuguese
  
• nogueira-brasileira   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• nogueira-da-Índia   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• nogueira-de-iguape   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• calumbán   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• camirio   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• lumbán   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• mkaa   (Source: PROTABASE [as A. "moluccana"]) – Swahili
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Food additives: flavoring   (fide Cornucopia; Pl Res SEAs 2:371. 1991)
  
• Environmental: ornamental; revegetator   (fide PROTABASE)
  
• Human food: seeds   (used to make palm sugar, fide Cornucopia)
  
• Materials: beads; lipids   (fide Bot Beads World; as web document; Bot J Linn Soc 94:314. 1987, source of candelnut or lumbang oil with several applications)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Lampe & McCann; Econ Pl Aust)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Aleurites moluccanus from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

Distributional range:

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  China: China
  Eastern Asia: Taiwan
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India - Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal; Sri Lanka
  Indo-China: Cambodia; Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam
  Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia - Queensland [n.]

• widely naturalized in tropics, exact native range obscure

• widely cultivated in tropics

References:

• PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) - on-line resource. (PROTABASE) ["moluccana"].
• Agroforestry.net. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry - on-line resource. (Trad Tree Init)
• Airy Shaw, H. K. 1975. The Euphorbiaceae of Borneo. Kew Bull. add. ser., 4:29. ["moluccana"].
• Airy Shaw, H. K. 1980. The Euphorbiaceae of New Guinea. Kew Bull. add. ser., 35:596. ["moluccana"].
• Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1967–. Flore de la Nouvelle Caledonie et dependances. (F NCaled) ["moluccana"].
• Backer, C. A. & R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr. 1963–1968. Flora of Java. (F Java) ["moluccana"].
• Balakrishnan, N. P. & T. Chakrabarty. 2007. The family Euphorbiaceae in India; a synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography. (Euphorb India)
• Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. 1976–. Flores des Mascareignes. (F Mascar) ["moluccana"].
• Boutelje, J. B. 1980. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature. (Ency WTimber) ["moluccana"].
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. (CRC MedHerbs ed2) ["moluccana"].
• Duke, J. A. 1985. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. (CRC MedHerbs)
• Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants. (Cornucopia) ["moluccana"].
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2000. World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae. (L Euphorb) ["moluccana"].
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) - on-line resource. (Pl Names)
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm) ["moluccana"].
• Robertson, S. A. 1989. Flowering plants of Seychelles. (L Seychelles) ["moluccana"].
• Schultes, R. E. 1987. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 94:80. ["moluccana"].
• Smith, A. C. 1979–1991. Flora vitiensis nova. (F Viti) ["moluccana"].
• Stuppy, W. et al. 1999. Revision of the genera Aleurites, Reutealis and Vernicia (Euphorbiaceae). Blumea 44:80. ["moluccana"].
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr) ["moluccana"].
• Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986–. European garden flora. (Eur Gard F) ["moluccana"].
• Webster's third new international dictionary. (Websters Dict)

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Aleurites moluccanus.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Aleurites moluccanus. Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Synonyms:

• (=) Aleurites javanicus Gand.
  
• (=) Aleurites pentaphyllus Wall. ex Langeron
  
• (=) Aleurites remyi Sherff
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• (=) Aleurites trilobus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
  (previously associated with 9 accessions)
• (≡) Jatropha moluccana L. (basionym)
  

Check other databases for Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd.:

• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium Map Display Interface
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• PROTABASE: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa's (PROTA's) online resource
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.
  Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Images:

• Fruit: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

Ctrl P to print