Taxon: Lapsana communis L.

See also subordinate taxa:

• Lapsana communis subsp. communis (no accessions)
• Lapsana communis subsp. grandiflora (1 accessions)
• Lapsana communis subsp. intermedia (1 accessions)

Common names:

• hawk's-beard   (Source: Zander Ency ) – English
  
• nipplewort   (Source: F SE US ) – English
  
• lampsane commune   (Source: L Noms French ed7 ) – French
  
• gewöhnlicher Rainkohl   (Source: Zander Ency ) – German
  
• lampsana-verdadeira   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• harkål   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Geigy Weed Tables. 1968)
  

More:

View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Madeira Islands
  Northern Africa: Algeria; Morocco; Tunisia
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen [s.]
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India - Jammu and Kashmir; Pakistan
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Macedonia; Montenegro; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]

• AFRICA
  Macaronesia: Portugal - Azores
  Western Indian Ocean: Reunion
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Cyprus
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Altay, Gorno-Altay, Krasnoyarsk [s.]
  Russian Far East: Russian Federation - Sakhalin
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Subarctic America: Greenland; United States - Alaska
  Eastern Canada: Canada - Ontario, Quebec
  Western Canada: Canada - British Columbia, Saskatchewan
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Missouri, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Arkansas, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - Texas
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona, California, Utah
• PACIFIC
  North-Central Pacific: United States - Hawaii
• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Caribbean: Hispaniola; Jamaica
  Southern South America: Argentina; Chile

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Middle Asia: Kyrgyzstan

References:

• Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98.
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961–. Flora of New Zealand.
• Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. 1976–. Flores des Mascareignes.
• CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables.
• Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR).
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Hegi, G. et al. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa. ed. 1:1906-1931; ed. 2:1936-68; ed. 3:1966-
• Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
• Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
• Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000–. Flora of Siberia (English translation).
• Radford, A. E. et al., eds. 1980–. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States.
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica.
• Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993–. Flora of India.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Lapsana communis.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Lapsana communis.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Lapsana communis.

Synonyms:

• Lapsana grandiflora M. Bieb. [≡ Lapsana communis subsp. grandiflora]
  (previously associated with 1 accession)
• Lapsana intermedia M. Bieb. [≡ Lapsana communis subsp. intermedia]
  
• Lapsana ramosissima Boiss. [= Lapsana communis subsp. intermedia]
  

Check other web resources for Lapsana communis L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• Euro+Med Plantbase: Information Resource for Euro-Mediterranean Plant Diversity
• Flora of North America: Collaborative Floristic Effort of North American Botanists
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora del Conosur: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Fruits: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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