Taxon: Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.

• the 3 historical accession(s) associated with this name.
• Check PlantSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.

A declared noxious weed by USDA-APHIS.

A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:

AL*, FL*, MA*, NC*.

ªAquatic.

*Terrestrial.

°In seed.

Link to noxious weed information from

Common names:

• murain grass   (Source: USDA/APHIS ) – English
  
• muraino grass   (Source: NPB State Noxweed FL [http://nationalplantboard.org/docs/summaries/florida.pdf]) – English
  
• ribbed muraina grass   (Source: F NAmer FL) – English
  
• saramatta grass   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 4:146.) – English
  
• wrinkled duck-beak   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 4:146.) – English
  
• wrinkled grass   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 4:146.) – English
  
• capim-macho   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• capim-pelego   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• mata-colono   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  

Economic importance:

• Animal food: forage   (fide Pl Res SEAs 4:146. 1992)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Pl Res SEAs 4:146. 1992; Weed CIBA)
  

Distributional range:

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  China: China - Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan
  Eastern Asia: Taiwan
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: Bhutan; India; Nepal; Pakistan - Punjab; Sri Lanka
  Indo-China: Myanmar; Thailand
  Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia - Northern Territory [n.], Queensland [e.]

• AFRICA
  West Tropical Africa: Nigeria
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Mexico
• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Mesoamerica: Costa Rica
  Northern South America: Venezuela
  Brazil: Brazil - Amapa, Ceara, Goias, Para, Sao Paulo
  Western South America: Colombia

References:

• 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. P. 4:146 in: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA).
• Bamidele, J. et al. 2007. Phyto-toxic effects of gasoline on Ischaemum rugosum (Salisb): a wetland species. Amer. J. Pl. Physiol. 2:276–281.
• Bor, N. L. 1960. The grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India, and Pakistan.
• CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988)
• Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980–. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Forzza, R. C. et al., coord. Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource).
• George, A. S., ed. 1980–. Flora of Australia.
• Giraldo-Cañas, D. 2011. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49:139–247.
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Hara, H. et al. 1978–1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
• Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds.
• Holttum, R. E. et al. 1953–1971. A revised flora of Malaya.
• Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953–1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
• Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions.
• Lazarides, M. 1980. The tropical grasses of Southeast Asia.
• Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970–. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
• National Plant Board. 2008–. National Plant Board federal and state quarantine summaries.
• Plant Protection and Quarantine Office. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Federal noxious weed list (on-line resource).
• Rodenburg, J. et al. 2011. Challenges for weed management in African rice systems in a changing climate. J. Agric. Sci. (Cambridge) 149:427–435.
• Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India.
• Smith, A. C. 1979–1991. Flora vitiensis nova.
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa.
• Villaseñor, J. L. & F. J. Espinoza-Garcia. 2004. The alien flowering plants of Mexico. Diversity & Distrib. 10:113–123.
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
• Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:276. [introduced].

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Ischaemum rugosum.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Ischaemum rugosum.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Ischaemum rugosum.

Check other web resources for Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.:

• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• ABRS: Australian Biological Resources Study Flora of Australia online
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• CNWG: Catalogue of New World Grasses Searchable Database
• World Grass Species-Descriptions: Morphological species description from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AusGrass2: Australian grass data from Bryan K. Simon’s on-line database
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Disseminule drawings: U.S. National Seed Herbarium drawing
• Embryo drawing: U.S. National Seed Herbarium drawing
• Forestry Images: from www.forestryimages.org
• Spikelets and/or florets: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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