Taxon: Inula helenium L.

Common names:

• elecampane   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  
• scabwort   (Source: Zander Ency ) – English
  
• velvet-dock   (Source: Websters Dict ) – English
  
• tu mu xiang   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – Transcribed Chinese
  
• grande aunée   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• inule   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  
• echter Alant   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – German
  
• Helenenkraut   (Source: Zander Ency ) – German
  
• moghyang   (Source: Kulturpflanze 34:104.) – Transcribed Korean
  
• énula-campana   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Portuguese
  
• devjasil vysokij   (Source: Mansf Ency ) – Transliterated Russian
  
• raíz del moro   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Spanish
  
• ålandsrot   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Food additives: flavoring   (only for alcoholic beverages fide Ency CNatIn)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Ency CNatIn; CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Cooper & Johnson ed2)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Inula helenium from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Iran; Iraq; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Middle Asia: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan
• EUROPE
  East Europe: Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Greece; Italy - Sardinia; Macedonia; Montenegro; Serbia

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Altay, Gorno-Altay, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk
  China: China - Xinjiang
• AUSTRALASIA
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part
  Southeastern Europe: Romania; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France; Spain
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Eastern Canada: Canada - New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec
  Western Canada: Canada - British Columbia, Manitoba
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Oregon, Washington
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - California, Utah

References:

• Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961–. Flora of New Zealand.
• Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning.
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
• Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6.
• Hitchcock, C. L. et al. 1955–1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest.
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000–. Flora of Siberia (English translation).
• Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2.
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• Magness, J. R. et al. 1971. Food and feed crops of the United States. IR Bull. 1.
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:104.
• Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University. 1998. Medicinal plants in the Republic of Korea. WHO Regional Publications Western Pacific Series No. 21.
• Parsa, A. 1943–1952. Flore de l'Iran.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Radford, A. E. et al., eds. 1980–. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States.
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica.
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants.
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978–1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
• Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
• Webster's third new international dictionary.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Inula helenium.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Inula helenium.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Inula helenium.

Check other web resources for Inula helenium L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• Euro+Med Plantbase: Information Resource for Euro-Mediterranean Plant Diversity
• Flora of North America: Collaborative Floristic Effort of North American Botanists
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Fruits: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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