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Taxon: Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.

Genus: Imperata
Family: Poaceae (alt. Gramineae) subfamily: Panicoideae tribe: Andropogoneae.
Nomen number: 19864
Place of publication: Ess. Agrostogr. 8, 165, 177, t. 5, fig. 1. 1812 (Raeuschel, Nomencl. bot. 10. 1797, nom. nud.)
Comments:
  • Raeuschel gives no evidence his I. cylindrica, nom. nud. is based on Lagurus cylindricus L.
  • his adoption of Imperata whose only prior species included L. cylindricus in synonymy isn't enough (ICBN Art. 33.3)
Name verified on: 15-Jul-1999 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 29-May-2007
Species priority site is: Southern Regional PI Station (S9).
Accessions: 1 in National Plant Germplasm System.
  • all available ) NPGS accessions ) or .
  • all available ) NPGS accessions by country.


SPECIES RESTRICTED BECAUSE FEDERAL AND STATE NOXIOUS WEED
A declared noxious weed by USDA-APHIS.
A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:
AR*, FL*, HI*°, MS*, NC*, PR*.
ªAquatic. *Terrestrial. °In seed.
Link to noxious weed information from Invaders Database System

Common names:

  • alang-alang   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – English
  • blady grass   (Source: Genet Res Comm 21:2.) – English
  • cogon   (Source: Websters Dict ) – English
  • cogongrass   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  • cotton-wool grass   (Source: Grass SAfr ) – English
  • imperata   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – English
  • Japanese blood grass   (Source: Dict Gard ) – English
  • bai mao   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – Transcribed Chinese
  • impérate   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – French
  • chi-gaya   (Source: Grass Japan ) – Japanese Rōmaji
  • fushige-chi-gaya   (Source: Dict Gard ) – Japanese Rōmaji
  • lalang   (Source: Dict Rehm ) – Malay
  • caminhadora   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  • sapé   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
More:

Economic importance:

More:

Distributional range:

      Native: (links to other web resources are provided for some distributions)
  • AFRICA
    Macaronesia: Portugal - Madeira Islands; Spain - Canary Islands
    Northern Africa: Algeria; Egypt; Libya; Morocco; Tunisia
    Northeast Tropical Africa: Ethiopia
    East Tropical Africa: Kenya; Tanzania; Uganda
    West-Central Tropical Africa: Burundi; Cameroon; Congo; Gabon; Rwanda; Zaire
    West Tropical Africa: Benin; Burkina Faso; Cote D'Ivoire; Gambia; Ghana; Guinea; Liberia; Mali; Nigeria; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Togo
    South Tropical Africa: Malawi; Mozambique; Zambia; Zimbabwe
    Southern Africa: Botswana; Lesotho; Namibia; South Africa - Cape Province, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Transvaal; Swaziland
  • ASIA-TEMPERATE
    Arabian Peninsula: Oman; Saudi Arabia; Yemen
    Western Asia: Afghanistan; Cyprus; Egypt - Sinai; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey
    Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Dagestan
    Middle Asia: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan
    China: China
    Eastern Asia: Japan - Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands, Shikoku; Korea
  • ASIA-TROPICAL
    Indian Subcontinent: Bhutan; India; Nepal; Pakistan; Sri Lanka
    Indo-China: Cambodia; Laos; Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam
    Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
  • AUSTRALASIA
    Australia: Australia - New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia [n.e.]
  • EUROPE
    Southeastern Europe: Albania; Croatia; Greece [incl. Crete]; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Slovenia
    Southwestern Europe: France [s. & Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]

      Naturalized: (links to other web resources are provided for some distributions)
  • naturalized in n. Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, United States (including Hawaii), Central America, South America, West Indies, Cape Verde, Mascarenes, Seychelles, Madagascar, Melanesia, & Polynesia

References:

  • Genet. Res. Commun. 21:2.
  • 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). (Pl Res SEAs) 4:140–142. [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Abbiw, D. K. 1990. Useful plants of Ghana. (Use Pl Ghana)
  • Bor, N. L. 1960. The grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India, and Pakistan. (Grass BCIP) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) (Weed CIBA)
  • Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. (F Turk) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960–. Flora zambesiaca. (F Zamb) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America. (F NAmer)
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop - on-line resource. (Ecocrop)
  • George, A. S., ed. 1980–. Flora of Australia. (F Aust)
  • Ghazanfar, S. A. 1992. An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of Oman. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2. (L Oman)
  • Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58. (Grass SAfr) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Grierson, A. J. C. & D. J. Long. 1984–. Flora of Bhutan including a record of plants from Sikkim. (F Bhutan) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
  • Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17. (L Macar ed4)
  • Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989–. Flora of Ethiopia. (and Eritrea. 2000) (F Ethiop) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States, ed. 2. (Grass US) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds. (Atlas WWeed)
  • Holttum, R. E. et al. 1953–1971. A revised flora of Malaya. (F Malaya) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
  • Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. (L Canaries)
  • Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953–1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2. (F WT Afr) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions. (Grass Japan) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Lazarides, M. 1980. The tropical grasses of Southeast Asia. (Grass SEAs) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Mouterde, P. 1966–. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. (F Liban) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970–. Flora of [West] Pakistan. (F Pak) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Padua, L. S. de et al., eds. 1999. Medicinal and poisonous plants 1. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). (Pl Res SEAs) 12(1):310.
  • Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) - on-line resource. (Pl Names)
  • Price, S. 1957. Cytological studies in Saccharum and allied genera. III. Chromosome numbers in interspecific hybrids. Bot. Gaz. 118:146–159. [this study reviewed & commented on crosses made in 1938 attributed to this taxon with a sugarcane clone, cytological evidence showed hybrids 2n+n type].
  • Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica. (F Iran) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
  • Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act. (State Noxweed Seed)
  • Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India. (Grass NE India) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Soerjani, M. et al. 1987. Weeds of rice in Indonesia. 434.
  • Sreekumar, P. V. & V. J. Nair. 1991. Flora of Kerala - grasses. (Grass Kerala) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966–. Flora of Iraq. (F Iraq) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea. (F Eur) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR. (Grass USSR) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.].
  • Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. (Invasive Pl Spec)
  • Wood, J. R. I. 1997. A handbook of the flora of Yemen. (F Yemen) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition). (F ChinaEng) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun. (Grass Camer) [lists as I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.].
  • Webster's third new international dictionary. (Websters Dict)
More:

Synonyms:


Check other databases for Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.:

  • Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
  • Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
  • AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium Map Display Interface
  • ABIF: Australian Biodiversity Information Facility's Flora of Australia online
  • SIBIS: South African National Biodiversity Institute's (SANBI) Integrated Biodiversity System
  • On-line Flora of Zimbabwe
  • PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
  • TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
  • CNWG: Catalogue of New World Grasses Searchable Database
  • Grass Manual on the Web: Manual of Grasses for North America North of Mexico
  • World Grass Species-Descriptions: Morphological species description from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
  • Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
  • ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
  • AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
  • Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.
    Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Images:

More:
  • Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
  • Google Images Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy
| USDA | ARS | GRIN | NPGS | New Search |
Cite as:
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program.
Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database].
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?19864 (09 February 2010)

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