Taxon: Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench

• based on Rudbeckia purpurea L., which is conserved (nom. cons.) with a conserved type (Vienna ICBN Art. 14.9 & App. IV)
• review history of nomenclature proposal concerning this name from the Smithsonian Institution's database

Common names:

• eastern purple-coneflower   (Source: Food Feed Crops US )
  
• purple-coneflower   (Source: F Ohio )
  

Economic importance:

• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Zander ed13)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Ency CNatIn; Herbs Commerce ed2)
  

More:

View phytochemical or ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

View ethnobotanical data from Moerman's Native American Ethnobotany Database

Distributional range:

Native: (links to other web resources are provided for some distributions)

• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Indiana, Michigan [s.], Ohio
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa [s.], Kansas [Cherokee Co.], Missouri, Oklahoma [e.]
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - Texas

References:

• Binns, S. E. et al. 2001. (1508) Proposal to conserve the name Rudbeckia purpurea [=Echinacea purpurea] (Asteraceae) with a conserved type. Taxon 50:1199–1200.
• Binns, S. E. et al. 2001. Typification of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (Heliantheae: Asteraceae) and its implications for the correct naming of two Echinacea taxa. Taxon 50:1169–1175.
• Brummitt, R. K. 2004. Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 54. Taxon 53:817–818. [proposal recommended].
• Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. (F Tex)
• Deam, C. C. 1940. Flora of Indiana. (F Indiana)
• Eilers, L. J. & D. M. Roosa. 1994. The vascular plants of Iowa. (L Iowa)
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
• Farr, E. R. et al., eds. 1979. Index nomina genericorum.; suppl. 1986 (ING)
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. (Glea Cron)
• Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. (Ency CNatIn)
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
• Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. (Food Feed Crops US)
• McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. (F GPlains)
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. (Herbs Commerce ed2)
• Mohlenbrock, R. H. & D. M. Ladd. 1978. Distribution of Illinois vascular plants. (Atlas Ill)
• Ohio Flora Committee (E. L. Braun, T. S. Cooperrider, T. R. Fisher, J. J. Furlow). 1967–. The vascular flora of Ohio. (F Ohio)
• Radford, A. E. et al., eds. 1980–. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States. (F SE US)
• Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. (F Carolin)
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978–1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol. (F Canada)
• Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri. (F Missouri)

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Echinacea purpurea.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Echinacea purpurea. Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Synonyms:

• (≡) Brauneria purpurea (L.) Britton
  
• (≡) Rudbeckia purpurea L. (basionym)
  

Check other databases for Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench:

• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.
  Note: Defaults to a search by genus or species epithet if species binomial not found.

Images:

• GRIN Images of germplasm accessions.
• Forestry Images: from www.forestryimages.org
• Fruits: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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