Taxon: Cynoglossum officinale L.

• Check PlantSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.

A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:

CO*°, MT*°, NV*, OR*, WA*, WY*°.

ªAquatic.

*Terrestrial.

°In seed.

Link to noxious weed information from

Link to species profile at

Common names:

• gypsy-flower   (Source: Pulmonaria ) – English
  
• hound's-tongue   (Source: F BritStace ) – English
  
• rats-and-mice   (Source: Pulmonaria ) – English
  
• cynoglosse officinale   (Source: Pulmonaria ) – French
  
• langue de chien   (Source: Pulmonaria ) – French
  
• echte Hundszunge   (Source: Pulmonaria ) – German
  
• gemeine Hundszunge   (Source: Pulmonaria ) – German
  
• gewöhnliche Hundszunge   (Source: Zander Ency ) – German
  
• língua-de-cão   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• hundtunga   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Medicines: folklore   (fide Dict Econ Pl; CRC MedHerbs ed2; Pulmonaria 94.)
  
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals   (fide Cooper & Johnson ed2)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide State Noxweed Seed)
  

More:

View toxicology references for Cynoglossum officinale from FDA Poisonous Plant Database

View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Iran [n.]; Turkey [w. & n.]
  Caucasus: Armenia; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Eastern Siberia [s.w.], Western Siberia [s.]
  Middle Asia: Kazakhstan [s.e.]; Kyrgyzstan
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Ireland; Sweden [s.]; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine - Krym
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece; Italy; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Spain

• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Finland; Norway
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Eastern Canada: Canada - New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec
  Western Canada: Canada - Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - New Mexico
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  China: China
• EUROPE
  Europe

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Angely, J. A. 1970–. Flora analítica e fitográfica do Estado de São Paulo.
• Bennett, M. 2003. Pulmonarias and the Borage family. 98.
• Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning.
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• De Clerck-Floate, R. 1997. Cattle as dispersers of hound's-tongue on rangeland in southeastern British Columbia. J. Range Managem. 50:239–243.
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6.
• Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP).
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
• Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica.
• Reitz, R., ed. 1965–. Flora ilustrada catarinense.
• Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act.
• Stace, C. 1995. New flora of the British Isles.
• Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource).
• Uphof, J. C. T. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Cynoglossum officinale.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Cynoglossum officinale.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Cynoglossum officinale.

Check other web resources for Cynoglossum officinale L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Forestry Images: from www.forestryimages.org
• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Seeds: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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