Taxon: Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake

• the 1 historical accession(s) associated with this name.
• Check PlantSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.

A declared noxious weed by USDA-APHIS.

A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:

AL*, FLª*, MAª, NCª, OKª, SCª, TXª.

ªAquatic.

*Terrestrial.

°In seed.

Link to noxious weed information from

Link to species profile at

Common names:

• belbowrie   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 19:131.) – English
  
• broadleaf paperbark   (Source: Econ Pl Aust ) – English
  
• broadleaf teatree   (Source: Honey F SE Queensl ) – English
  
• coastal teatree   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• five-vein paperbark   (Source: Aust Pl Common Names ) – English
  
• melaleuca   (Source: State Noxweed Seed ) – English
  
• paperbark teatree   (Source: Honey F SE Queensl ) – English
  
• punktree   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 19:131.) – English
  
• niaouli   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 19:131.) – French
  
• kayu putih   (Source: Pl Res SEAs 19:131.) – Indonesian
  

Economic importance:

• Bee plants: honey production   (fide Econ Pl Aust)
  
• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Econ Pl Aust; Invasive Pl Spec)
  
• Materials: essential oils   (source of niaouli or gomen oil, substitute of cajeput oil fide Pl Res SEAs 19:127. 1999)
  
• Materials: gum/resin   (source of niaouli or gomen oil, substitute of cajeput oil fide Pl Res SEAs 19:127. 1999)
  
• Materials: wood   (source of niaouli or gomen oil, substitute of cajeput oil fide Pl Res SEAs 19:127. 1999)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Econ Pl Aust)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Rep NCEPPC; Castanea 61:252. 1996; Invasive Pl Spec)
  

Distributional range:

• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Malesia: Papua New Guinea
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia - New South Wales, Queensland
• PACIFIC
  Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia

• AFRICA
  Africa [s.]
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India
  Malesia: Philippines
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Florida
• PACIFIC
  North-Central Pacific: United States - Hawaii
• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Caribbean: West Indies
  Northern South America: Guyana

• also cultivated

References:

• Austin, D. F. 1996. Book Review: CRC handbook of alternative cash crops. Econ. Bot. 50:25. [mentions].
• Blake, S. T. & C. Roff. 1958. The honey flora of south-eastern Queensland.
• Campbell, F. T., ed. 1995. Report of National Coalition of Exotic Plant Pest Councils. (unpublished draft)
• Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants. Florida state list aquatic & wetland noxious weeds - from Department of Environmental Protection (on-line resource).
• Conant, P. et al. 1997. Appendix. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in North American natural areas. In: Luken, J. O. & J. W. Thieret, eds., Assessment and management of plant invasions. 255–267.
• Craven, L. A. & B. J. Lepschi. 1999. Enumeration of the species and infraspecific taxa of Melaleuca (Myrtaceae) occurring in Australia and Tasmania. Austral. Syst. Bot. 12:899.
• Dray, F. A., Jr. et al. 2006. Invasion history of Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake in Florida. Castanea 71:210–225.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
• Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
• Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia.
• Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. [mentions].
• Oyen, L. P. A. & Nguyen Xuan Dung, eds. 1999. Essential-oil plants. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 19:127; 131–135. [mentions].
• Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act.
• Serbesoff-King, K. 2003. Melaleuca in Florida: a literature review on the taxonomy, distribution, biology, ecology, economic importance and control measures. J. Aquatic Pl. Managem. 41:98–112.
• USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource).
• Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds.
• Wrigley, J. W. & M. Fagg. 1993. Bottlebrushes, paperbarks and tea trees.

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Melaleuca quinquenervia.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Melaleuca quinquenervia.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Melaleuca quinquenervia.

Synonyms:

• (≡) Metrosideros quinquenervia Cav. (basionym)
  

Check other web resources for Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake:

• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ICRA: International Cultivar Registration Authority (on-line resource). for Melaleuca quinquenervia cultivars
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Forestry Images: from www.forestryimages.org

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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