Taxon: Onopordum acanthium L.

• Check PlantSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.

A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:

AZ*°, CA*, CO*°, CT*, ID*°, MO*, NE°, NM*, NV*, OK*°, OR*, UT*°, WA*, WY*°.

ªAquatic.

*Terrestrial.

°In seed.

Link to noxious weed information from

Link to species profile at

Common names:

• cotton thistle   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  
• giant thistle   (Source: Zander Ency ) – English
  
• heraldic thistle   (Source: Noxweed Aust ) – English
  
• Scotch thistle   (Source: F GPlains [but this adjective is best avoided, may cause offence in Scotland]) – English
  
• Scottish thistle   (Source: F GPlains ) – English
  
• woolly thistle   (Source: Noxweed Aust ) – English
  
• onoporde acanthe   (Source: F NAmer ) – French
  
• gewöhnliche Eselsdistel   (Source: Zander Ency ) – German
  
• cardo-bastardo   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• cardo-espinhoso   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• cardo-selvagem   (Source: D. Groth, p.c. 2005) – Portuguese (Brazil)
  
• ulltistel   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish
  

Economic importance:

• Bee plants: honey production   (fide Econ Pl Aust)
  
• Environmental: ornamental   (fide Dict Gard)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2)
  
• Weed: potential seed contaminant   (fide Rep NCEPPC; Econ Pl Aust)
  

More:

View ethnobotanical data from Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Distributional range:

• AFRICA
  Northern Africa: Algeria
• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Western Asia: Afghanistan; Iran; Iraq [n.]; Turkey
  Caucasus: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Russian Federation - Ciscaucasia, Dagestan
  Middle Asia: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan
  China: China - Xinjiang [n.]
• ASIA-TROPICAL
  Indian Subcontinent: India - Jammu and Kashmir; Pakistan [n.]
• EUROPE
  Middle Europe: Austria; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Slovakia; Switzerland
  East Europe: Belarus; Moldova; Ukraine [incl. Krym]
  Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece; Italy; Macedonia; Montenegro; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia
  Southwestern Europe: France; Portugal; Spain

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Siberia: Russian Federation - Krasnoyarsk [s.], Kurgan, Omsk
• AUSTRALASIA
  Australia: Australia - New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
  New Zealand: New Zealand
• EUROPE
  Northern Europe: Denmark; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
  Middle Europe: Belgium; Poland
  Southwestern Europe: France
• NORTHERN AMERICA
  Eastern Canada: Canada - New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec
  Western Canada: Canada - British Columbia
  Northeastern U.S.A.: United States - Connecticut, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia
  North-Central U.S.A.: United States - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Wisconsin
  Northwestern U.S.A.: United States - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming
  Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia
  South-Central U.S.A.: United States - New Mexico, Texas
  Southwestern U.S.A.: United States - Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah
• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Southern South America: Argentina; Chile; Uruguay

• EUROPE
  East Europe: Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania

• also cultivated

References:

• Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
• Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961–. Flora of New Zealand.
• Burbidge, N. T. & M. Gray. 1970. Flora of the Australian Capital Territory.
• Campbell, F. T., ed. 1995. Report of National Coalition of Exotic Plant Pest Councils. (unpublished draft)
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
• Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
• Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen.
• Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America.
• Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
• Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. [re. Brazilian common names].
• Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds.
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening.
• Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares.
• Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
• Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000–. Flora of Siberia (English translation).
• Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia.
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
• McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
• Parsa, A. 1943–1952. Flore de l'Iran.
• Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia.
• Radford, A. E. et al., eds. 1980–. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States.
• Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica.
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978–1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
• Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act.
• Sell, P. & G. Murrell. 1996–. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland.
• Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993–. Flora of India.
• Stewart, R. 1972. An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir.
• Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri.
• Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
• USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource).
• Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Onopordum acanthium.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Onopordum acanthium.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Onopordum acanthium.

Check other web resources for Onopordum acanthium L.:

• Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
• Euro+Med Plantbase: Information Resource for Euro-Mediterranean Plant Diversity
• Flora of North America: Collaborative Floristic Effort of North American Botanists
• PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
• BONAP: North American Plant Atlas of the Biota of North America Program
• Flora del Conosur: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur
• Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
• AVH: Australia's Virtual Herbarium
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• Forestry Images: Images of invasive weeds from www.forestryimages.org
• Fruits: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image
• Fruits: Seed ID Workshop image, from Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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