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Taxon: Linaria vulgaris Mill.

Genus: Linaria
Family: Plantaginaceae tribe: Antirrhineae. Also placed in: Scrophulariaceae Veronicaceae
Nomen number: 102290
Place of publication: Gard. dict. ed. 8: Linaria no. 1. 1768 ( (J. Hill, Brit. herb. 109. 1756, nom. inval.)
Comment: specific names in the work of Hill are not validly published fide Vienna ICBN Art. 32.9 & App. VI
Name verified on: 01-Nov-1993 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 19-Dec-2011
No species priority site assigned.

NO ACCESSIONS IN NPGS UNDER THIS NAME.

SPECIES RESTRICTED AS A STATE NOXIOUS WEED
A declared aquatic or terrestrial noxious weed and/or noxious-weed seed in these U.S. states (see state noxious weed lists), with links to state information or web documents:
AK°, CO*°, ID*°, MT*°, NM*, NV*, OR*, SD*, WA°, WY*°.
ªAquatic. *Terrestrial. °In seed.
Link to noxious weed information from Invaders Database System
Link to species profile at National Invasive Species Information Center

Common names:

  • butter-and-eggs   (Source: Hortus 3 ) – English
  • common toadflax   (Source: Hortus 3 ) – English
  • toadflax   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – English
  • wild snapdragon   (Source: Hortus 3 ) – English
  • yellow toadflax   (Source: World Econ Pl ) – English
  • liu chuan yu   (Source: F ChinaEng ) – Transcribed Chinese
  • linaire vulgaire   (Source: Can J Pl Sci 75:525.) – French
  • l'nânka obyknovennaâ   (Source: F Baltic ) – Transliterated Russian
  • gulsporre   (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn ) – Swedish

Economic importance:

More:

Distributional range:

      Native:
  • ASIA-TEMPERATE
    Western Asia: Turkey
    Siberia: Russian Federation - Eastern Siberia, Western Siberia
    Russian Far East: Russian Federation - Far East
    China: China - Gansu, Henan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Xinjiang
  • EUROPE
    Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Ireland; Norway; Sweden; United Kingdom
    Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czechoslovakia; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Switzerland
    East Europe: Belarus; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine
    Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bulgaria; Former Yugoslavia; Greece; Italy; Romania
    Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Spain

      Naturalized:
  • naturalized in temperate regions

References:

  • Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. 2009. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin).
  • CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables.
  • Conant, P. et al. 1997. Appendix. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in North American natural areas. In: Luken, J. O. & J. W. Thieret, eds., Assessment and management of plant invasions. 255–267.
  • Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas.
  • Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  • Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs.
  • Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage.
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  • Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. [lists as L. vulgaris Hill].
  • Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
  • Kearney, T. H. & R. H. Peebles. 1969. Arizona flora, ed. 2.
  • Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
  • Laasimer, L. et al., eds. 1993–. Flora of the Baltic countries; compendium of vascular plants.
  • Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
  • Macbride, J. F. et al., eds. 1936–1971. Flora of Peru.; new ser. 1980- [lists as L. vulgaris Hill].
  • McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
  • Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
  • Saner, M. A. et al. 1995. The biology of Canadian weeds. 105. Linaria vulgaris Mill. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 75:525–537.
  • Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act.
  • Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri. [lists as L. vulgaris Hill].
  • Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae. 272.
  • Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea.
  • USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource).
  • Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition).
More:

Check other web resources for Linaria vulgaris Mill.:

  • Flora Europaea: Database of European Plants (ESFEDS)
  • PLANTS: USDA-NRCS Database of Plants of the United States and its Territories
  • Flora of China: Online version from Harvard University
  • TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
  • Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
  • ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
  • AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
  • Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

More:
  • Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
  • Google Images Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy
| USDA | ARS | GRIN | NPGS | New Search |
Cite as:
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program.
Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database].
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?102290 (18 May 2013)

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