Taxon: Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum.

Common names:

• cupuaçú   (Source: Smith et al.) – Portuguese
  
• cupuassú   (Source: Contr USNH 35:556.) – Portuguese
  
• copoasú   (Source: CoopAmaz ) – Spanish
  
• copoasu   (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2 ) – unknown
  

More:

see MMPND for additional names in foreign scripts

Economic importance:

• Food additives: flavoring   (fide CultTropS)
  
• Human food: beverage base   (fide CoopAmaz 44:111.)
  
• Gene sources: potential for natural fruit abscission in cacao   (fide Wild Crop Rel Pl Orn 13:287. 2011)
  
• Gene sources: tertiary genetic relative of cacao   (based on a successful attempt of obtaining hybrid plants of unknown fertility fide J Heredity 57:135. 1966)
  
• Materials: lipids   (as a substitute for cocoa butter fide Mabberleys Pl Book)
  
• Medicines: folklore   (fide Herbs Commerce ed2)
  

Distributional range:

• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Brazil: Brazil - Acre [w.], Amazonas, Para [s.]

• SOUTHERN AMERICA
  Brazil: Brazil [also cult.]
  Western South America: Colombia - Caqueta; Ecuador; Peru - Loreto

References:

• Alves, R. M. et al. 2007. High levels of genetic divergence and inbreeding in populations of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum). Tree Genet. Genomes 3:289–298.
• Arkcoll, D. B. & C. R. Clemenet. 1989. Potential new food crops from the Amazon. In: G. E. Wickens et al., New crops for food and industry. In: Wickens, G. E. et al., eds., New crops for food and industry. 156, 159.
• Borrone, J. W. et al. 2007. The potential of the WRKY gene family for phylogenetic reconstruction: An example from the Malvaceae. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 44:1143, 1146, 1147.
• Cuatrecasas, J. 1964. Cacao and its allies: a taxonomic revision of the genus Theobroma. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 35:552.
• Dantas, L. G. & M. Guerra. 2009. Chromatin differentiation between Theobroma cacao L. and T. grandiflorum Schum. Genet. Molec. Biol. 33:94–98.
• Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
• Forzza, R. C. et al., coord. Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource).
• Hernández L., C. & M. S. Hernández G. 2012. Growth and development of the cupuacu fruit (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) Schum.) in the western colombian Amazon. Agron. Colomb. 30:95–102.
• IPGRI. New World Fruits Database (on-line resource).
• Mabberley, D. J. 2008. Mabberley's plant-book: a portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses, third edition. 845. [re. substitute for cocoa butter].
• Macbride, J. F. et al., eds. 1936–1971. Flora of Peru.; new ser. 1980-
• Martinson, V. A. 1966. Hybridization of cacao and Theobroma grandiflora. J. Heredity 57:134–136.
• McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
• Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
• Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics.
• Silva S., C. R. & A. Figueira. 2005. Phylogenetic analysis of Theobroma (Sterculiaceae) based on Kunitz-like trypsin inhibitor sequences. Pl. Syst. Evol. 250:94, 99, 100, 101.
• Silva S., C. R. et al. 2004. Description of Amazonian Theobroma L. collections, species identification, and characterization of interspecific hybrids. Acta Bot. Brasil. 18:333–341.
• Smith, N. J. H. et al. 1992. Tropical forests and their crops. 68–75.
• Vásquez M., R. et al. 1997. Flórula de las Reservas Biológicas de Iquitos, Perú: Allpahuayo-Mishana, Explornapo Camp, Explorama Lodge. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63:703. [cultivated].
• Venturieri, G. A. 2011. Flowering levels, harvest season and yields of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum). Acta Amazon. 41:143–152.
• Villachica, H. 1996. Frutales y hortalizas promisorios de la amazonia. In: Secretaria Pro-Tempore, Tratado de Cooperacion Amazonica. 44:103–112.
• Whitlock, B. A. & D. A. Baum. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships of Theobroma and Herrania (Sterculiaceae) based on sequences of the nuclear gene Vicilin. Syst. Bot. 24:128–138.
• Zhang, D. et al. 2011. Theobroma. In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, plantation and ornamental crops. 13:286, 287, 288. [this review recognized Theobroma grandiflorum as a potential source of valuable agronomic traits "that could be introgressed into cacao"].

More:

Search AGRICOLA article citation database for citations referencing Theobroma grandiflorum.

Search NCBI's Entrez search engine for PubMed citations referencing Theobroma grandiflorum.

Search Biodiversity Heritage Library for historical publications referencing Theobroma grandiflorum.

Check other web resources for Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum.:

• New World Fruits Database: Online database from Bioversity International
• TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
• Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
• ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
• AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
• Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed citations, GenBank sequences, etc.

Images:

• GRIN Images of germplasm accessions.

More:

• Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
• Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with properly documented herbarium material.

Abbreviations & symbols in GRIN Taxonomy

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