Taxon: Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum.
Genus: Theobroma
Family: Malvaceae subfamily: Byttnerioideae tribe: Theobromateae. Also placed in:
Sterculiaceae
Nomen number: 101891
Place of publication: C. F. P. von Martius, Fl. bras. 12(3):76, t. 8. 1886
Name verified on: 07-Nov-1985 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 18-May-2011
No species priority site assigned. Accessions:
2 in National Plant Germplasm System.
Check PlantSearch
database of Botanic Gardens
Conservation International for possible non-NPGS germplasm.
- cupuaçú (Source: Smith et al.) – Portuguese
- cupuassú (Source: Contr USNH 35:556.) – Portuguese
- copoasú (Source: CoopAmaz
) – Spanish
- copoasu (Source: Herbs Commerce ed2
) – unknown
- More:
- Food additives: flavoring (fide CultTropS)
- Human food: beverage base (fide CoopAmaz 44:111.)
- Gene sources: potential for natural fruit abscission in cacao (fide Wild Crop Rel Pl Orn 13:287. 2011)
- Gene sources: tertiary genetic relative of cacao (based on a successful attempt of obtaining hybrid plants of unknown fertility fide J Heredity 57:135. 1966)
- Materials: lipids (as a substitute for cocoa butter fide Mabberleys Pl Book)
- Medicines: folklore (fide Herbs Commerce ed2)
Native:
- SOUTHERN AMERICA
Brazil: Brazil - Acre [w.], Amazonas, Para [s.]
Cultivated:
- SOUTHERN AMERICA
Brazil: Brazil [also cult.] Western South America: Colombia - Caqueta; Ecuador; Peru - Loreto
- Alves, R. M. et al.
2007. High levels of genetic divergence and inbreeding in populations of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum).
Tree Genet. Genomes
3:289–298.
- Arkcoll, D. B. & C. R. Clemenet.
1989. Potential new food crops from the Amazon. In: G. E. Wickens et al., New crops for food and industry.
In: Wickens, G. E. et al., eds., New crops for food and industry.
156, 159.
- Borrone, J. W. et al.
2007. The potential of the WRKY gene family for phylogenetic reconstruction: An example from the Malvaceae.
Molec. Phylogenet. Evol.
44:1143, 1146, 1147.
- Cuatrecasas, J.
1964. Cacao and its allies: a taxonomic revision of the genus Theobroma.
Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.
35:552.
- Dantas, L. G. & M. Guerra.
2009. Chromatin differentiation between Theobroma cacao L. and T. grandiflorum Schum.
Genet. Molec. Biol.
33:94–98.
- Facciola, S.
1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
- Forzza, R. C. et al., coord.
Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource).
- Hernández L., C. & M. S. Hernández G.
2012. Growth and development of the cupuacu fruit (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) Schum.) in the western colombian Amazon.
Agron. Colomb.
30:95–102.
- IPGRI.
New World Fruits Database (on-line resource).
- Mabberley, D. J.
2008. Mabberley's plant-book: a portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses, third edition.
845. [re. substitute for cocoa butter].
- Macbride, J. F. et al., eds.
1936–1971. Flora of Peru.; new ser. 1980-
- Martinson, V. A.
1966. Hybridization of cacao and Theobroma grandiflora.
J. Heredity
57:134–136.
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker.
2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2.
- Porcher, M. H. et al.
Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
- Rehm, S. & G. Espig.
1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics.
- Silva S., C. R. & A. Figueira.
2005. Phylogenetic analysis of Theobroma (Sterculiaceae) based on Kunitz-like trypsin inhibitor sequences.
Pl. Syst. Evol.
250:94, 99, 100, 101.
- Silva S., C. R. et al.
2004. Description of Amazonian Theobroma L. collections, species identification, and characterization of interspecific hybrids.
Acta Bot. Brasil.
18:333–341.
- Smith, N. J. H. et al.
1992. Tropical forests and their crops.
68–75.
- Vásquez M., R. et al.
1997. Flórula de las Reservas Biológicas de Iquitos, Perú: Allpahuayo-Mishana, Explornapo Camp, Explorama Lodge.
Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard.
63:703. [cultivated].
- Venturieri, G. A.
2011. Flowering levels, harvest season and yields of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum).
Acta Amazon.
41:143–152.
- Villachica, H.
1996. Frutales y hortalizas promisorios de la amazonia.
In: Secretaria Pro-Tempore, Tratado de Cooperacion Amazonica.
44:103–112.
- Whitlock, B. A. & D. A. Baum.
1999. Phylogenetic relationships of Theobroma and Herrania (Sterculiaceae) based on sequences of the nuclear gene Vicilin.
Syst. Bot.
24:128–138.
- Zhang, D. et al.
2011. Theobroma.
In: Kole, C., ed., Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, plantation and ornamental crops.
13:286, 287, 288. [this review recognized Theobroma grandiflorum as a potential source of valuable agronomic traits "that could be introgressed into cacao"].
- More:
Check other web resources for Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum.:
- New World Fruits Database: Online database from Bioversity International
- TROPICOS: Nomenclatural and Specimen Database of the Missouri Botanical Garden
- Mansfeld: Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
- ePIC: Electronic Plant Information Centre of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- AGRICOLA: Article Citation Database or NAL Catalog of USDA's National Agricultural Library
- Entrez: NCBI's search engine for PubMed
citations, GenBank sequences, etc.
Images:
- More:
- Check PlantSystematics.org for additional images
-
Images Note: Be advised that their identity may be
inaccurate. Proper identification of a plant may require
specialized taxonomic knowledge or comparison with
properly documented herbarium material.
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Cite as: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program.
Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville,
Maryland.
URL: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?101891 (21 May 2013)
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