More information on these accessions and their performance can be found in the article, "Performance of Landscape Plants from Northern Japan in the North Central United States" by M. Widrlechner et al in the Journal of Environmental Horticulture 16(1):27-32, March 1998. In part, the models used in this article "predict that plants from northern Japan are best adapted to sites in the northeastern United States where moisture surpluses exceed those typically found in the north central United States."
Alnus hirsuta PI 479293 Manchurian alder
Three trial sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; two sites reported on living plants for the entire 10-year period. The Absaraka (Fargo), ND site lost its plants due to severe drought. The Chanhassen, MN site reported the foliage was clean all season; the Carrington, ND site reported slight leaf miner damage. The North Dakota sites recommended this accession for moist locations, though questioned its drought tolerance. However, the Carrington site noted the accession had, at least on one occasion, good recovery from drought stress. The Chanhassen, MN site, while not commenting on recommendation, noted its overall performance was excellent but the accession was somewhat coarse in aesthetics.
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Alnus hirsuta PI 479294 Manchurian alder
Only one trial site, Chanhassen, MN, evaluated this accession through the 5-year and 10-year evaluation periods. That site reported the foliage to be clean all season, and that the plants were smaller than those of PI 479293. No comments were made as to recommendation.
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Alnus hirsuta PI 479295 Manchurian alder
One trial site, Morris, MN, evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; no site reported on living plants the entire 10-year period. The Morris site reported this accession lacked vigor and hardiness, and did not recommend the accession.
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Alnus hirsuta Ames 23190 Manchurian alder
Three sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year and 10-year evaluation
periods. All three sites reported the foliage to be clean all season. The
Carrington, ND site reported severe injury and loss due to drought and winter
conditions to two of three plants. All three sites recommended this accession,
siting vigorous growth, good branch structure and foliage.
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.
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Alnus pendula PI 479302 Japanese shrub alder
Two sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; one site reported on living plants the entire 10-year period. Both sites reported severe winter injury to the crown and winter kill of this accession. Neither site recommended the accession.
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Betula ermanii PI 479318 Erman birch
One site, Carrington, ND, evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; no sites reported on plants through the 10-year period. Carrington reported this accession died from winter injuries and did not recommend it.
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Betula ermanii PI 479320 Erman birch
Four sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; three sites reported on living plants through the 10-year period. The Blair, NE site reported moderate injury from fire and severe injury from lifting and replanting. The Fargo, ND site reported moderate winter injuries while the Carrington, ND site reported death and severe winter injuries to this accession. The Fargo, ND and Kirtland, OH sites reported clean foliage all season. The Kirtland, OH site reported the overall performance of this accession to be excellent, but did not comment on recommendation. The other sites did not recommend this accession siting lack of winter hardiness.
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Betula maximowicziana PI 479323 monarch birch
Two trial sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; no sites reported on living plants for the entire 10-year period. No site recommended this accession. Poor winter hardiness and the drought of 1988-90 were cited for the poor performance of this accession.
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Betula maximowicziana PI 479324 monarch birch
One trial site, Blair, NE, evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; no site reported on living plants through the entire 10-year period. The Blair site reported severe injury from lifting and replanting of this accession. No site recommended this accession.
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Betula maximowicziana PI 479325 monarch birch
Two trial sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; no sites reported on living plants the entire 10-year period. No site recommended this accession. Fatal winter injuries and the drought of 1988-90 were cited in the failure of this accession.
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Phellodendron amurense PI 479512 Amur corktree
Four sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; two sites reported on living plants the entire 10-year period. The Fargo, ND site reported losses from drought and winter injuries; the Ames, IA site reported losses from heavy, poor draining soil, drought, and lack of winter hardiness. The Carrington, ND site reported moderate winter injuries. Three sites reported foliage to be clean all season. Though the Carrington, ND site noted this accession had dieback the first years in the field, and irrigation was needed in drought years, this site did recommend the accession citing its fast growth and attractive appearance. The other sites did not comment or did not recommend this accession citing poor vigor and form, and poor winter and drought hardiness.
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Weigela hortensis PI 479650 Japanese weigela
Three sites evaluated this accession through the 5-year evaluation period; on site, Chanhassen, MN, reported on living plants through the 10-year period. The Carrington, ND site reported losses from winter injuries. The Chanhassen, MN site noted moderate winter injuries to one-year wood. No site recommended this accession citing lack of winter hardiness.
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